1. Seven Nutrients

2. Words to Know!
NUTRITION - is the science that studies how body makes use of food.
DIET - is everything you eat and drink.
NUTRIENTS - are the substances in food.

3. The Process of Satisfying Hunger
You need energy
You feel hungry
You eat to get rid of hunger
You feel satisfied
You need more energy
The cycle repeats again

4. What Food Does for You
It provides energy for daily activity
It gives you raw material
Eating is an enjoyable activity

5. Seven Nutrients
Carbohydrates
Protein
Fat
Fiber
Minerals
Vitamins
Water

6. Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are the primary source of energy. Released in cellular respiration. Sources of Carbohydrates: - Whole wheat breads - Rice - Pasta - Potatoes - Sweets

7. Carbohydrates

8. Carbohydrates Types of Carbohydrates
The simplest type of carbohydrate is a simple sugar called a _monosaccharide
. Examples: glucose and fructose_
Two monosaccharide molecules can combine to form a _disaccharide
a 2-sugar carbohydrate.
Example: __sucrose_ (table sugar), maltose (malt for shakes)
The largest carbohydrate molecules are _polysaccharides_, polymers composed of many monosaccharide subunits.
Examples: stored in
starch cell wall
Cellulose cell wall
Glycogen liver
Cellulose

9. Protein Protein is essential for body growth and repair of body cells.
Sources of Protein:
Meats
Eggs
Fish
Nuts
Beans
Some soluable in water, some not

10. Protein Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Sulfer
Many amino acids hooked in a chain
20 different Amino acids
Produce enzymes, antibodies, haemoglobin and other chemicals in the body

11. Fats
Fats are another source of energy.
Stored in the cells of mammals.
It also protects against temperature changes.
Sources of Fat:
Butter - Cheese
Eggs - Meat

12. Twice as much energy as carbs, extra fat is stored in the body
Fat Fats
Twice as much energy as carbs, extra fat is stored in the body

13. Fats Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen
Solid room temp
Example: Butter
Liquid at room temp
Example: vegetable oil

14. Fiber Fiber is a type of carbohydrate that the body can't digest.
Influences ALL stages of digestion
Sources:
All-natural cereals
Whole-grain breads
Beans
Fruits
Vegetables
Nuts
**ONLY PLANTS PRODUCE FIBER!!!

15. Fiber

16. Vitamins
Vitamins help regulate body functions.
Sources of Vitamins:
Fruits
Vegetables
Whole grain breads

17. Vitamins

18. Minerals
Minerals help your body work properly.
Sources of Minerals:
Milk
Meats
Whole grain cereal

19. Minerals

20. Water
Water is essential to our body because it carries nutrients.
Sources of Water:
Juices - Oranges
Milk - water melon

21. How Much Should You Eat?
It depends on three factors:
Gender
Activity level
Age

22. What if I don’t get enough…
Vitamin C
Anemia
Bleeding gums; Gingivitis
Decreased ability to fight infection; wound-healing rate
Dry and splitting hair
Easy bruising
Nosebleeds
Possible weight gain because of slowed metabolism
Rough, dry, scaly skin
Swollen and painful joints
Weakened tooth enamel
SEVERE deficiency can lead to scurvy
causes general weakness, anemia, gum disease, and skin hemorrhages.

23. What if I don’t get enough…
Vitamin D
Severe deficiency can lead to Ricket’s which can cause softening and weakening of the bones
Bone pain/tenderness
Dental deformities
Impaired growth
Increased bone fractures
Muscle cramps
Short stature (adults less than 5 feet tall)
Skeletal deformities

24. What if I don’t get enough…
Calcium
Can weaken bones, causing them to become brittle
Osteoporosis
thinning of bone tissue and loss of bone density over time.
Symptoms don’t appear until LATE in disease!!
Bone pain or tenderness
Fractures with little or no trauma
Loss of height (as much as 6 inches) over time
Low back pain due to fractures of the spinal bones
Neck pain due to fractures of the spinal bones
Stooped posture or kyphosis, also called a "dowager's hump"

25. What if I don’t get enough…
Iron
most common nutritional deficiency and the leading cause of anemia in the United States
Symptoms
Feeling tired and weak
Decreased work and school performance
Slow cognitive and social development during childhood
Difficulty maintaining body temperature
Decreased immune function, which increases susceptibility to infection
Glossitis (an inflamed tongue)