1. Communicable and Respiratory Diseases
Lesson #61 and 62

2. Pathogen: a germ that causes disease
Communicable / Infectious Disease: Illness caused by pathogens that can be spread from one living thing to another.

3. Types of Disease Bacteria: single celled microorganisms
Strep throat
Virus: smallest known pathogen. Takes over the cell, makes new cells.
Common cold
Fungi: single or multi celled parasitic organisms. Obtain their food from organic materials.
Athlete’s foot

5. Types of Disease
Protozoa: Tiny, single celled organisms that produce toxins that cause disease.
Malaria (bite of a mosquito) chills and fever
Helminth: parasitic worm (undercooked food)
Tapeworms
Rickettsia: grow inside living cells and resemble bacteria.
Rocky mountain spotted fever

7. Lymphocytes: white blood cells that help the body fight pathogens.
B Cell: WBC that produces antibodies.
Helper T-Cell: WBC that signals B cells to produce antibodies.
Antibody: special protein that helps fight infection.

8. Immunity: Body’s resistance to disease causing agents.
Active Immunity: resistance to disease due to the presence of antibodies.
Vaccine or immunization
Passive Immunity: Introducing antibodies into a person’s blood stream.
Short term

9. How pathogens are spread
Direct contact
Air
Contaminated objects
Contact with animals and insects
Contaminated food, drinking infected water, and undercooked foods

11. How the immune system protects the body.
Immune system: removes harmful organisms from the blood and combats pathogens.
Skin
Perspiration and oils
Tears
Mucus and hairs
Saliva
Stomach acids

12. Types of Infectious Respiratory Diseases
The common cold (Virus)
Influenza (Virus)
Pneumonia (Bacteria or Virus)
Strep Throat (Bacteria)
Tuberculosis (Bacteria) lungs