1. Reminders Unit 8 Exam- Tuesday, March, 21st
Last day to turn in ANY Unit 7 Work- Tuesday, March, 21st
Assignments completed for Unit 8:
Word Wall
Human Traits
Incomplete Dominance Practice
Dragon Babies
Online Gel Electrophoresis Practice
Reminders

2. Unit 8: Mendelian Genetics 8.5 Gel Electrophoresis and PRC

3. What are they?
A method used to separate and analyze DNA, RNA and proteins based on their size and charge.
Phosphate groups in DNA are negatively charged

4. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
A method of making many copies of a piece of DNA.
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

5. Steps in Copying DNA A DNA molecule is placed in a small test tube
Enzymes and bases are added to the test tube.
Steps in Copying DNA

6. Heat and cool the test tube multiple times to separate the strands of DNA and add bases to create two new strands of DNA
The result: Large amounts of DNA can be made from a single starting sample
Steps in Copying DNA

7. Copying DNA

8. Once we have copied the DNA, it goes through electrophoresis.

9. A technique used to separate DNA molecules based on size.
Gel Electrophoresis

10. Gel is added to a container hooked up to an electric current generator.
Samples of the DNA, RNA or Protein are added to the wells at one end of the gel.
The electric current is turned on.
Particles are pulled through the gel in ladders based on their charge.
Smaller particles move farther than large particles and are found near the bottom.
Negatively charged DNA moves toward the positive end.
Dye is used to stain the material based on what you want to see.
How does it work?

11. Results

12. Uses DNA Sequencing for crime labs Paternity Test
Analyzing for Cloning
Testing for genetic disorders
Identifying Proteins
Determining Species
Conservation Biology-determine the kinship between breeding pairs
DNA thought to be responsible for behavior
Evolution-how closely related the DNA is, helps build possible family trees
Uses