1. Day 2: Latitude and Longitude
Earth Model
Day 2: Latitude and Longitude
Powerpoint for day 2 of Earth Model activity. 5 slide powerpoint meant to be shown at beginning (and maybe end) of class. Should last 5-10 minutes. The picture on this slide is a cut-away of the earth, exposes the angles of latitudes and longitudes.

2. Meridians and Longitude
No Degrees
Meridian
With Degrees
Longitude
Image source:
Meridian: Line on a map or globe running from the North Pole to the South Pole along Earth’s surface
Longitude: Measurement in degrees east or west of the Prime Meridian (0 degreed longitude).
Model: Using the string on the model the teacher should point out how unlike parallels and latitudes, meridians and longitudes converge at the poles.

3. Parallels and Latitude
No Degrees
Image source:
Parallel: Line on a map or globe that circles Earth from east to west at intervals starting at the Equator (0 degreed latitude).
Latitude: Distance in degrees north or south of the equator.
Model: Teacher should point out the discs on the model and mention that they are parallel to each other. Using the supplied protractor, students should measure and label the degrees of each latitude in the northern and southern hemispheres.
Angle from center of Earth

4. Hemispheres
Image source:
A hemisphere is any half of the Earth.
The Earth’s hemispheres can be divided into North/South and East/West.
Certain lines of latitude and longitude divide the hemispheres:
Equator (0 degrees latitude): divides the Northern and Southern hemispheres
Prime Meridian (0 degrees longitude) and International dateline (180 degrees longitude): divides the Western and Eastern hemispheres

5. Map Projections
Image cource:
A map projection is a flat map that represents all or part of Earth’s curved surface.
Three main types of projections:
Mercator (cylindrical): Made by wrapping a sheet of paper into a tube around a globe.
Polar (Flattened): Made by holding a flat sheet of paper on one pole of a globe.
Conic: Made by shaping a sheet of paper into a cone and placing it over a globe.
Model: Teacher should try to fold paper around the model to show the students the different projections and point out the distortions that occur.