1. ATOMS & THE PERIODIC TABLE
The foundation of chemistry

2. EVERYTHING IS MATTER! ATOM! All things are made up of matter.
All matter has mass and volume.
Matter can be living or non living.
The smallest part of matter is the..
ATOM!

3. Atoms Elements Atoms & Elements The smallest part of matter.
Made up of protons, electrons
and neutrons.
Atoms are special for each element.
Elements
Made up of only one kind of atom.
A “Pure” substance
Special characteristics.

4. Inside an Atom
Proton- A small, positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom.
Neutron- A small particle in the nucleus of an atom with no electrical charge.
Electron- A tiny, negatively charged high-energy particle that moves in the space outside the nucleus of an atom.

5. Proton Neutron Electron
Atomic Particles
Proton P+ o
Neutron n
Located in the nucleus
Positive charge
Mass of 1 amu
Located in the nucleus
NO charge
Mass of 1 amu
Electron
e -
Fly around nucleus in energy levels
Negative charge
Very little mass

6. Inside an Atom
Atomic number- The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Atomic mass unit (amu)- A unit of measurement for the mass of particles in an atom.
Valence electron- The electrons that are farthest away from or most loosely held by the nucleus of an atom and are involved in chemical reactions.

7. Parts of the Atom 2 8 18 32 Nucleus Contains protons And Neutrons + n
Energy Levels
Electrons circle the nucleus. Each level can hold a certain number of electrons.

8. PARTS OF AN ATOM

9. Models of the Atom Dalton Rutherford Thomson Bohr Electron Cloud
+-+-+-
Bohr
+ n+n e- e-
+n+n
Electron Cloud

10. Periodic Table of Elements
Developed by Dmitri Mendeleev
System to organized elements
Organized by mass
Put into FAMILIES due to chemical characteristics

11. The Pattern
Metals
Nonmetals
period
Family

12. The Box 15 P Symbol Atomic Number – Name Atomic Mass –
The number of protons in the atom. The electrons will be the same in a neutral atom. 15
Name P
Atomic Mass –
The mass of the protons and
neutrons added together.
Phosphorus
30.974

13. Isotopes & Ions Isotopes are variations of the same element.
Isotopes can be heavier or lighter than the mass given on the periodic table.
The element gains or loses mass due to neutrons.
Ions are the same element.
Ions have an electrical charge.
The ion can be positive or negative.
The charge change is due to the lost or gain of electrons .

14. S Shorthand or P.E.N. Atomic Mass Charge Atomic Number P = 16 E = 182- 32 S
If atom loses electrons the charge will be positive.
If atom gains electrons the charge will be negative. 16
Atomic Number