1. Brain drain: Effect On National Development Submitted by: 14-02-07-080 14-02-07-081 14-02-07-092 14-02-07-096 1

2. Contents  Introduction  Causes of Brain Drain  Push Factor  Pull Factor  Areas Affected By Brain Drain  Major Sectors Facing Brain Drain  Impact of Brain Drain  Negative  Positive  Impact on Bangladesh  Negative  Positive  Economical  Social  Solution  Conclusion 2

3. Introduction & Causes of Brain drain, Areas & sectors affected in Bangladesh Nausad Ahmed Mridul ID: 14-02-07-081 3

4. Introduction  Emigration of highly trained or qualified people from a particular country  Known as “human capital flight”  Loss of intellectual and technical personnel  Emigrating from developing country to developed country. Ex- Engineers, medical personnel and scientists. 4

5. Causes of brain drain  Seeking employment or higher paying jobs, political instability, and to seek a better quality of life.  Causes of brain drain can be categorized into two factors. They are: 1.Push factors 2.Pull factors 5

6. Push Factors  Unemployment  Lower wages  Poor leaving conditions  Political instability  Gender Discrimination 6

7. Pull Factors  Employment opportunities  Modern educational system  Higher salary and income  Better working environment  Less gender discrimination 7

8. 8 Areas Affected by Brain Drain in Bangladesh Conclusion: Countries Urban areas are suffering more from brain drain Source: Asian Journal of Humanity, Art and Literature

9. Sectors Facing Brain Drain in Bangladesh  Doctors  Teachers  Engineers  Agricultural Researchers Conclusion: Countries vital sectors are suffering from brain drain 9 Source: Asian Journal of Humanity, Art and Literature

10. Impacts & Negative Impacts of Brain drain Tasmina Afrin ID: 14-02-07-080 10

11. Impacts of Brain Drain Negative Impacts Positive Impacts Impacts of Brain Drain 11

12. Negative Impacts of Brain Drain Negative Impacts On Developing CountryOn Developed Country 12

13. Negative Impacts On Developing Country  Shortage of skill and knowledge  Misuse of state fund  Home economy/situation remains underdevelopment  Technology developed in home country is less popular than the one in developed country. Example: ‘Robot Ribo’ was developed in Bangladesh is lesser known than ‘Robot Sofia’ 13

14. Negative Impacts On Bangladesh 14  Nation without sufficient scholars  Misuse of state fund  Healthcare losing credibility  Barrier in continuous development

15. Some cases of Negative Impact  Every year 4000 educated person leaves Bangladesh  Ottoman invasion of Egypt abducted 100,000 craftsman  In USA nearly 16% doctors are Bangladeshi  India lost revenue of $17 billion/year 15

16. Negative Impacts On Developed Country  Having overabundance of skilled workers  Less availability of jobs  Loosing capital 16

17. Positive Impact of Brain Drain Sk. Shabbir Hussain ID: 14-02-07-092 17

18. Positive Impact 2 types of positive impact  Personal Benefits of the Migrants  Economic impact 18

19. Personal Benefits  Better Living  Better Education  Better Income  Social Status 19

20. Economical Impact  Impact on the country migrants are migrating from Remittance Increase of per capita income  Brain drain of a country = Brain gain of another Conclusion: High Remittance received at 2015 by the developing countries from the migrants 20 Source: Daily Star, 2016

21. Positive Economical Impact in Bangladesh  Increase in remittance per year  Reduction in the severity of poverty to some extent  Money sent are invested in education, housing and health 21 Conclusion: Increase in Remittance received by Bangladesh Source: The Dhaka Tribune, 2017

22. Positive Social Impact on Bangladesh  Improved quality of education  Improved competitiveness in home country  Development in rural areas  Less Difference in social life between developed countries 22

23. Solution & Conclusion Kamrul Hassan Sajib ID: 14-02-07-096 23

24. Solution  Educational Improved educational standard Better educational infrastructure More scopes for scientific research Motivation & awareness 24

25. Solution  Environmental Promoting industrialization Higher wages & salaries Higher living standard Better working condition Political stability Intellectual freedom 25

26. Other Policies  Tax Proposal Native professionals pay higher percent of income earning abroad  Prohibition of nepotism & favoritism 26

27. Conclusion Brain drain has some devastating negative impact nationally along with some benefits. “There are more opportunities & challenges in developing Countries than developed countries” 27

28. 28 Thank you