1. Economics
Chapter Fourteen

2. Open Market Operations
The Fed buys and sells securities, usually government securities
When the Fed buys securities the money supply expands, and i fall, assuming money demand remains constant. That would be from 5% to 4% i below.

3. Open Market Operations
When the Fed sells securities the money supply contracts, and i rises, assuming money demand remains constant. That would be from 4% to 5% i below.

4. The Discount Rate
This is the rate the Fed charges banks who borrow from the Fed itself.
The Fed lends money from what is called the discount window, which is the lending facility at the Fed.
The Fed charges what is called the Discount Rate for the loan.

5. Monetary Policy The Fed is in charge of Monetary Policy.
Monetary Policy is the Fed manipulation of the money supply to influence short-term i rates and the available amount of credit.

6. Tools of Monetary Policy
Sets the reserve ratio (r)
Legal reserves = require reserves (r) + excess reserves
r = the ratio of reserves to deposits
Sets the discount rate
Open market operation (the most popular)

7. Functions of the Fed 1. Monetary Policy(expansionary/contractionary)
2.  Supervision & Regulation of Financial Institutions
3.  Lender of Last Resort
4.  Provides Banking Services to the Government
5.  Issues Coin & Currency
6.  Financial Services to Commercial Banks

8. Board of Governors 7 members Appointed by the President
Approved by the Senate    
Headed by the Chairman (Alan Greenspan)
*all governors have 14 year terms, except for the chairman who has a 4 year term

9. Policy Making Body of the Fed
Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC)
Members of the FOMC:                
Board of Governors (including the chair)                 The President of the NY Fed                 Four other Regional Bank Presidents (on a
rotating basis)