1. Motivations for studying journalism across the world Elira Turdubaeva, American University of Central Asia Agnieszka Stępińska, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan Galiya Ibrayeva, Al Farabi Kazakh National University Ivanka Pjesivac, University of Georgia Journalism Students Across the Globe Professionalization, Identity and Challenges in a Changing Environment

2. Study: research questions (RQ1) To what extent journalism students across the world want to pursue a career as a journalist? (RQ2) In which areas of journalism do they want to specialize? (RQ3) What aspects of journalism did motivate them to study the degree (idealistic, practical, or personal)? (RQ4) How these motivations vary across countries?

3. Studies on job motivations Journalists: aspects of job that motivated them to enter the profession (memories) or motivate them to do the job (reflections on a current situation)? Students: motivations for a choice of program of study or a job? Students’ motivations for and expectations of journalism may affect their future work. A high number of journalism students – a low number of job positions on the market.

4. Studies on students’ motivations Previous studies: comparative studies, e.g. Splichal & Sparks, 1994; Hovden et al., 2009; Nordenstreng, 2009; Hanitzsch & Hanusch, 2012; Hanusch & Mellado, 2014. single country studies: e.g. O’Donnell (1999, 2006), Hanna & Sanders (2007); Hanusch, 2008; Mellado et al., 2013). Types of motivations: personal, practical, or idealistic. JSG study: 19 motivations; grades: 1 – 5.

5. Preferred area of work (N=18,568)

6. Do you want to pursue a career as a journalist? (N=17,973)

7. Do you want to pursue a career as a journalist? (%)

8. Preferred area of work across countries (N=18,568)

9. Preferred specialization across countries (N=18,568)

20. Motivations across countries (N=18,568)

21. Motivations across countries (N=18,568)

29. Personal motivations Journalism MSD My talent for journalism3.661,039 To be able to be creative4.100.951 The chance to meet people 4.090.966 My pleasure of writing3.981,072 The opportunity to travel3.521.124 The possibility of being famous 2.351.203 Non - Journalism MSD My talent for journalism3.051.217 To be able to be creative4.021.026 The chance to meet people3.951.037 My pleasure of writing3.441.230 The opportunity to travel3.331.259 The possibility of being famous 2.371.236 Journalism MSD My talent for journalism3.661,039 To be able to be creative4.100.951 The chance to meet people 4.090.966 My pleasure of writing3.981,072 The opportunity to travel3.521.124 The possibility of being famous 2.351.203 Journalism MSD My talent for journalism3.661,039 To be able to be creative4.100.951 The chance to meet people 4.090.966 My pleasure of writing3.981,072 The opportunity to travel3.521.124 The possibility of being famous 2.351.203 Journalism MSD My talent for journalism3.661,039 To be able to be creative4.100.951 The chance to meet people 4.090.966 My pleasure of writing3.981,072 The opportunity to travel3.521.124 The possibility of being famous 2.351.203 Journalism MSD My talent for journalism3.661.039 To be able to be creative4.100.951 The chance to meet people 4.090.966 My pleasure of writing3.981.072 The opportunity to travel3.521.124 The possibility of being famous 2.351.203

30. Practical motivations Journalism MSD My talent for journalism3.661,039 To be able to be creative4.100.951 The chance to meet people 4.090.966 My pleasure of writing3.981,072 The opportunity to travel3.521.124 The possibility of being famous 2.351.203 Non - Journalism MSD Varied and lively work3.931.013 Dynamic lifestyle3.731.115 To get a secure job3.521.256 Amount of the money one may earn 3.201.209 The amount of autonomy one has 3.561.118 The prestige of journalism as a profession 2.861.240 Journalism MSD My talent for journalism3.661,039 To be able to be creative4.100.951 The chance to meet people 4.090.966 My pleasure of writing3.981,072 The opportunity to travel3.521.124 The possibility of being famous 2.351.203 Journalism MSD My talent for journalism3.661,039 To be able to be creative4.100.951 The chance to meet people 4.090.966 My pleasure of writing3.981,072 The opportunity to travel3.521.124 The possibility of being famous 2.351.203 Journalism MSD My talent for journalism3.661,039 To be able to be creative4.100.951 The chance to meet people 4.090.966 My pleasure of writing3.981,072 The opportunity to travel3.521.124 The possibility of being famous 2.351.203 Journalism MSD Varied and lively work4.060.967 Dynamic lifestyle3.841.072 To get a secure job3.221,183 Amount of the money one may earn 2.771,174 The amount of autonomy one has 3.481.080 The prestige of journalism as a profession 3.251.201

31. Idealistic motivations Journalism MSD My talent for journalism3.661,039 To be able to be creative4.100.951 The chance to meet people 4.090.966 My pleasure of writing3.981,072 The opportunity to travel3.521.124 The possibility of being famous 2.351.203 Non - Journalism MSD The help in nation-building3.151.229 The chance to influence the public 3.421.157 To work for freedom and democracy 3.341.212 The chance to help people in their everyday life 3.641.115 The hold people in power accountable 3.061.193 To fight injustice3.501.204 The help the government achieve its goals for national development 2.821.288 Journalism MSD My talent for journalism3.661,039 To be able to be creative4.100.951 The chance to meet people 4.090.966 My pleasure of writing3.981,072 The opportunity to travel3.521.124 The possibility of being famous 2.351.203 Journalism MSD My talent for journalism3.661,039 To be able to be creative4.100.951 The chance to meet people 4.090.966 My pleasure of writing3.981,072 The opportunity to travel3.521.124 The possibility of being famous 2.351.203 Journalism MSD My talent for journalism3.661,039 To be able to be creative4.100.951 The chance to meet people 4.090.966 My pleasure of writing3.981,072 The opportunity to travel3.521.124 The possibility of being famous 2.351.203 Journalism MSD The help in nation-building3.161.215 The chance to influence the public 3.611.099 To work for freedom and democracy 3.631.155 The chance to help people in their everyday life 3.831.057 The hold people in power accountable 3.321.250 To fight injustice3.731.114 The help the government achieve its goals for national development 2.701.236

32. Soft news/hard news? Those who want to purse a career in journalism are... Interested in: Culture (3.90) Travel (3.78) Entertainment (3.45) Lifestyle (3.35) Not (so) interested in: Economy/Business (2.34) Science (2.68) Sports (2.69) Politics (2.90)

33. Do you think you will be able to get a job as a journalist? (N=16,741)

34. Do you think you will be able to make a living from being a journalist alone? (N=16,842)

35. Motivations for studying journalism NMSD To be able to be creative 178144.06.988 The chance to meet different people 178664.021.003 The varied and lively work 178394.00.991 The dynamic lifestyle178483.791.094 The chance to help people in their everyday life 178443.741.090 The pleasure of writing 178383.721.181 To fight injustice178383.621.163 The chance to influence public 178013.521.132 The amount of autonomy one has 177853.511.100

36. NMSD To work for freedom and democracy 178513.491.192 The opportunity to travel 179003.431.239 My talent for journalism 178463.371.167 To get a secure job178783.351.263 The hold people in power accountable 178073.191.196 To help in nation building 177863.151.223 The prestige of journalism as a profession 178403.061.236 The amount of money one can earn 178442.971.210 To help the government achieve its goals of national development 178642.751.262 The possibility of being famous 178412.361.217

37. Conclusions: Journalism students are… … interested in working as journalists. … driven by practical (and idealistic) motivations of the job choice … interested mostly in lifestyle media or soft news. …. rather optimistic about getting the job. …. moderately optimistic about their salaries.

38. Journalism students across the countries mostly study journalism because it gives them the ability to be creative, to meet other people, to have varied and lively work, dynamic lifestyle, and help people in their everyday needs. The first four motivations point out to creativity and dynamism of the profession, whereas the fifth one is oriented towards other people. Journalism students across the countries are least motivated to study journalism by the possibility of being famous, helping the government achieve goals of national development, money, and prestige of journalism as a profession. Conclusions