1. Peace Studies Refugees Problem in Peace Studies
Professor Y. Maeda
Takako Nasu
Junior Menezes –

2. Refugees and Peace Studies
Agenda
Background
Refugees and Peace Studies
Conclusion
Discussion Questions

3. Past, Present, and Future
Background

4. What is refugee? Definition of refugee
A refugee is someone who has been forced to flee his or her country because of persecution, war, or violence. (UNHCR)
Definition of immigrants
An immigrant is someone who chooses to resettle to another country. (CNN 2014)

5. Background -Past- There are two main reasons
UK’s ‘triple-dealing diplomacy’
UN’s tactless solution

6. ‘Triple-dealing diplomacy’
UK made three lies to France, Arab, and Jewish
① The Hussein-McMahon Correspondence (Arab)
② Sykes-Picot Agreement (France)
③ Balfour Declaration (Jewish)

7. ①The Hussein-McMahon Correspondence (1915)
We want you to revel against to the Ottoman Empire…
We want our own country…
Arab Kingdom
Break the Ottoman Empire

8. ②Sykes-Picot Agreement (1916)
Let’s divide Arab countries !!

9. ②Sykes-Picot Agreement (1916)
Let’s divide Arab countries !!

10. ③Balfour Declaration (1917)
Admit to build your(Jewish) own country!

11. UN’s Solution
UN showed a solution which was called United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine
This plan was overwhelmingly disadvantageous for Palestinian.
This solution caused Arab-Israeli Wars four times.

12. Background What is the problem now?

13. Background

14. Background

15. Background What are the future predictions? Africa (Egypt / Nigeria)
10% / 10M
European Union Reaction
Mistakes / Consequences
Donald Trump
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16. Background Turkey Crimes(Cologne) Brexit Germany
Angela Merkel’s reputation
Anti-Immigrant Alternative Party
Turkey
Crimes(Cologne)
Brexit

17. Background Accept three Syrian out of 63 Syrian after 2011
Japan
Accept three Syrian out of 63 Syrian after 2011
☆Deterioration of security
Ｂｕｔ…
Lack of the working population

18. Refugees and Peace Studies
What can we learn through Peace Studies theories?
Negative and Positive Peace
Structural Violence (e.g. dying crossing the oceans)
Direct/Indirect Violence (e.g. the war / having to leave their country)
Cultural Violence (e.g. the way refugees are seeing now)

19. Refugees and Peace Studies
Can Peace Studies actually help?
Using the theories to understand the conflicts.
Look for solutions (Integrative Solutions)
Change the perspective for a more humane perspective
Individual / Community Action

20. Conclusion
The refugee crisis is a complex problem that needs urgent international, governamental, and cooperational attention. Countries should united together in order to resolve such conflicts. The theories of Peace Studies help us to understand the issue better and also how to take actions towars solving them.

21. Questions
What can be done to solve the refugees problem? Come up with at least one feasible solution.
In which ways can Peace Studies contribute to solving the refugee problem?
What could Germany have done to avoid the problems they are facing now with their refugees?
How could Japan cooperate in this matter?

22. References
BBC (2016 March, 4). Migrant crisis: Migration to Europe explained in seven charts.
Retrieved The Telegraph (2016 March, 15). Angela Merkel's historic error on immigration.
Retrieved from /germany/angela-merkel/ /Angela-Merkels-historic-error-on- immigration.html
RT (2016 Jan, 16) ‘Biggest refugee inflow still ahead': 10mn could come to Europe – German minister. Retrieved from future-europe-germany/ Blogs, (2016) How is the situation of accepting refugees? Available from:

23. Thank you for listening!