1. The Reformation

2. What Does Reformation Mean?
Read the following statements and discuss with your group what you think reform means.
John continued to be lazy and not do his work so the teacher asked him to reform his behavior.
The U.S. Government reformed the law in 1929 to let women vote.
Reform means that something has been changed for the better.
The Reformation refers to the Catholic Reforms of the 1500’s.

3. Causes of the Reformation
Discuss with your neighbor: What Renaissance values might have angered members of the Catholic Church? Why?
Social: Renaissance values of humanism and secularism led people to question the church.
Political: Powerful monarchs challenged the Church/ Pope.
Economic: European rulers were jealous of the Churches wealth.
Religious: People found the sale of indulgences unacceptable.

4. Martin Luther
The flashpoint of this frustration came when a German priest named Martin Luther who on Oct. 31, 1517 posted 95 statements on what was wrong with the Church.

6. 95 Thesis Martin Luther led the Reformation by teaching:
all teachings should come from the Bible
all people with faith are equal
people can only get salvation from God’s forgiveness.

8. Response to Luther Many people liked Luther’s ideas.
The Pope feeling threatened had Luther excommunicated (kicked out of the church).
Charles V the Holy Roman Ruler declared Luther a heretic and no one could give him food or shelter.
In 1522 Luther starts the Lutherans in Germany.
In 1529 German princes sign a protest against those who were anti- Luther.
This shake-up in the church led to Protestantism (Christians who belonged to non- Catholic churches).

9. How successful was Luther?

10. Sects of Christianity

11. Protestant England
Henry VIII was a devote Catholic who couldn’t produce a son.
So he had his wives killed or imprisoned.
This led Henry to rebuff Catholicism in 1534 for all of England and appoint himself the head of the English church.
Eventually in 1559 Elizabeth I of England takes power and adopts the Anglican church (COE) as the official religion of England.

15. Reformation Europe Late 16th C.

16. Reflection
Discuss with your shoulder partner then write a response to the following:
Why was the Reformation so revolutionary? Use three pieces of evidence to support your answer.