1. Starter
0-6:30

2. Sedimentary Rocks Learning Objectives:
Recall the properties of sedimentary rocks.
Describe how sedimentary rocks are formed.
Describe how fossils are formed.
Compare the age of rocks using rock layers.

3. Sedimentary Rock Formation
Sedimentary rocks are made from sediment, small pieces of rock (any type).
How is sediment formed?
Weathering

4. What happens to the sediment?
Video
8:20 – 13:30

5. Sedimentary Rock Formation (Steps)
Weathering
Erosion
Transportation
Deposition
Compaction
Cementation

6. Erosion = pieces of rock fall off

7. Transportation = sediment is moved to lakes or seas
Movement of wind, water, or ice (glaciers) moves the sediments towards the ocean.

8. Deposition = sediment falls to the bottom of the sea and builds up in layers

9. Compaction = the layers on the bottom are compressed from the weight of the layers on top
The pressure from the weight of the sediments on top squeeze the water out from between the grains.

10. Cementation = dissolved minerals “glue” the sediments together
When the water is squeezed out, dissolved minerals are left behind and act as a glue cementing the sediments together.

12. Age of rock The oldest layers are usually found at the bottom.
Can you think of when this might not be true?

13. Fossils
Fossils are formed when the remains of a dead organism becomes covered in sediment and over a long time becomes embedded into the layer of rock.