1. RENAISSANCE

2. European Renaissance

3. What do these guys have to do with this?!?

4. Leonardo, Donatello, Raphael, Michelangelo…

5. 4 Major Renaissance Artists – Leonardo, Donatello, Raphael, Michelangelo (left to right)

6. Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa

7. Donatello’s St. Mark

8. Raphael’s School of Athens

9. Michelangelo’s Pieta, Last Judgment

10. Donatello discovered the technique of perspective
Leonardo da Vinci studied how muscles work in a body to paint a more realistic human
Michelangelo was a master at portraying the human body (David)
Raphael – painter and architect, studied Leonardo & Michelangelo’s work

11. DO NOW (EXTENDED REMIX VERSION) Art Analysis – REN or MED?
You will be shown six different paintings during this activity. Your job is to analyze the paintings.
First, you will jot down your thoughts and observations silently.
Next, we will get into groups and discuss our observations. The final step will be de- briefing each painting as a class.
Write down at least 5 bullet point notes for each of the following paintings.
Look at the painting closely – what strikes you about it? Is it realistic or unrealistic? Color? Subject matter? What story is the painting telling? Who are the people in the painting? Do the human bodies look realistic? Does the space look realistic? Be specific!
Ultimately, we will be discussing which paintings are examples of Renaissance art and which are examples of Medieval art.

12. PAINTING #1

13. PAINTING #2

14. PAINTING #3

15. PAINTING #4

16. PAINTING #5

17. PAINTING #6

18. Painting 1 Name: Lamentation of Christ Artist: Unknown
Time Period: 1146 (?)
Location: St. Panteleimon, 12th Century Byzantine Church, Macedonia
Type: Medieval art, fresco
Notes: Lamentation common theme in Christian art during H. Mid. Ages. After Jesus was crucified, body removed from cross & friends mourn over body. Mary often depicted holding him – Pieta.

19. Painting 2 Name: Procession of the Magi Artist: Benozzo Gozzoli
Time Period:
Location: Magi Chapel in Palazzo Medici Riccardi in Florence, Italy
Type: Renaissance art, frescoes
Notes: Journey of the Magi to Bethlehem to see the Nativity of Jesus, (Biblical Magi = Three Wise Men/Three Kings), painted for the Medici family – they had themselves painted into the frescoes.
Chapel - Museums in Florence
Video of Frescoes

20. Painting 3 Name: Crucifixion Artist: Unknown Time Period: 1200
Location: Unknown
Type: Medieval art
Notes: Virgin Mary, Mary Magdalen, Judas ?

21. Painting 4 Name: The Holy Trinity Artist: Masaccio
Time Period:
Location: Church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence, Italy
Type: Renaissance art, fresco
Notes: Figures kneeling on either side are believed to be donors/patrons of art, perhaps the Lenzi or Berti family, paintings of the holy trinity are often intended for personal devotions/commemorate the dead. Carved inscription “I once was what you are and what I am you also will be.” Use of linear perspective!
Khan Holy Trinity Painting

22. Painting 5 Name: School of Athens Artist: Raphael
Time Period:
Location: Painted as part of Raphael’s commission to decorate room in the Vatican
Type: Renaissance art, fresco
Notes: Represents philosophy (paintings of literature & theology were also in same room), Plato is depicted in the center with red robes and Aristotle is to his right in blue robes, vanishing point, Roman elements present in architecture
Khan - School of Athens

23. Painting 6 Name: Arrest of Christ (Kiss of Judas) Artist: Giotto
Time Period:
Location: Scrovegni Chapel, Padua, Italy
Type: Debated, Late Medieval/Early or Proto-Renaissance
Notes: Giotto often viewed as a bridge between med. Art and Ren. Art, Giotto’s interpretation of Judas’s kiss. After the Last Supper, Judas identifies Jesus for the Roman soldiers by kissing him.
Chapel Video

24. Italian Renaissance

25. Characteristics of Renaissance Art
Interest in secular themes  Art doesn’t necessarily have only religious themes
Humanism Human achievements & education are important, value of critical thinking over faith
Naturalism – expressive gesture, linear perspective, chiaroscuro (strong contrasts between light & dark)
Influence of Greek classics
Realism – realistic looking human bodies

26. Background Renaissance: Rebirth
In this case, the rebirth of art and learning
The Renaissance began in Italy around 1300, later spreads north

27. What causes the Renaissance? How does it start? When/where/why?
Turn & Talk
What causes the Renaissance? How does it start? When/where/why?

28. Why does the Renaissance take hold at this time?
During late Middle Ages Europeans experience war, disease and death
The Church taught Christians to endure this suffering & be rewarded in Heaven
After the bad times, people began to reject the Church & focus on enjoying worldly pleasures

29. Causes of the Renaissance
Increased trade with Asia and other regions as a result of the Crusades
Growth of city-states
Renewed interest in classical learning of ancient Greeks
Rise of wealthy merchants who become patrons of the arts
Increased desire for knowledge (scientific and technical)
Desire to beautify cities (after Black Death, etc.)

30. Vocab Break
Patrons of the Art: someone who financially supports artists
Popes spent huge amounts of money to commission artwork and make Rome beautiful
Medici family

31. Why did the Renaissance start in Italy?
Write down all three:
Thriving city-states
Increased trade
Wealthy merchant class

32. Rise of City-States
Italy was divided into city-states in the north and Papal States in the South
Venice, Milan and Florence three important, thriving city-states!
The Church, nobles, merchants and artisans dominated society in these city-states

34. Renaissance Man: all educated people were expected to create art and to be well versed in all subjects.
The Ren. Man should be well educated, charming, witty, dance, sing, play music, and write poetry.
Renaissance Woman: should know the Classics and should inspire art (rather than create)

35. Remember… Our Renaissance (rebirth) buzzwords Secular themes Humanism
Naturalism
Greek classics
Realism

36. Renaissance
Northern Renaissance
Subject Matter
Classical mythology, religious scenes, included secular themes
Style
Symmetrical, balanced, linear perspective
Known for:
Figures with volume, knowledge of anatomy, realistic, Humanism, Greek influences
Media
Fresco, tempera, oil
Example
Botticelli’s Birth of Venus

38. Renaissance Engineering an Empire

39. The Medici Family

40. A family of bankers
The Medici family est. themselves as a political dynasty in Florence, Italy in the late 1300s
Not nobles – they gained power through bribes, threats, marriages & networking
As their bank grew, so did their political power in Florence

41. Cosimo de’Medici (1389- 1464) established the family
Lorenzo de’Medici was Cosimo’s grandson
Lorenzo the Magnificent

42. Art & the Medici Family
Patrons of the Arts: The Medici family contributed greatly to the arts
Supported the Renaissance
For example, Lorenzo had Michelangelo live with their family while he established himself
He went on to paint the Sistine Chapel in Vatican City!

43. Birth of a Dynasty - Medici