1. The English Language

2. Section A: The Origins of English

3. Review: What language family and language branch is English a part of?

4. The Origins of the English Language

5. Where did English come from?
Germanic Tribes
Latin
Old Norse
Norman French
Celtic Tribes
Where did English come from?

6. Old English Middle English Modern English 450CE-1100CE

7. The Lord’s Prayer in Old English
Fæder ure þu þe eart on heofonum; Si þin nama gehalgod to becume þin rice gewurþe ðin willa on eorðan swa swa on heofonum. urne gedæghwamlican hlaf syle us todæg and forgyf us ure gyltas swa swa we forgyfað urum gyltendum and ne gelæd þu us on costnunge ac alys us of yfele soþlice

8. The Lord’s Prayer in Middle English
Oure fadir that art in heuenes, halewid be thi name; thi kyndoom come to; be thi wille don in erthe as in heuene: gyue to us this dai oure breed ouer othir substaunce; and forgyue to us oure dettis, as we forgyuen to oure gettouris; and lede us not in to temptacioun, but delyuere us fro yuel.

9. Section B: The Diffusion of English

10. Map of Great Britain and its Colonies

11. Connect: What types of diffusion may explain the movement of English from place to place. Explain.

12. The Diffusion of English
Britain
British Colonies
United States
United States Annexes (Philippines)
The Diffusion of English

13. SKIP 5:27

14. Hypothesize: Does English sound the same wherever it is spoken?

15. The English Language: Dialects

16. What is a dialect?

17. A dialect is a regional variation of a language distinguished by distinctive vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation.

18. Section C: American English

19. Differences between British and American English
Different because settlers in America encountered new objects, animals, etcetera.
New animals, for example, were given Native American Names.
As new inventions appeared they received different names.
Vocabulary
Spelling diverged from a strong national American Identity.
Webster, an American dictionary publisher had an American agenda
Spelling
Largely explained by distance and time.
Pronunciation

20. Engage: How does the English language differ within the United States?

22. What is an isogloss?

23. An isogloss is a geographic boundary line delimiting the area in which a given linguistic feature occurs.

24. Isoglosses in the United States

25. East Coast Isoglosses
Northern
Midlands
Southern

26. Predict: How has Mass Media and the Internet affected the English language?

27. Section D: English as a Global Lingua Franca

28. What is a Lingua Franca?

29. A Lingua Franca is a language systematically used to make communication possible between people not sharing an original language.

30. Predict: What systems of communication are largely dominated by English?

31. Systems that Use English
The Internet
ESL
Global Commerce

32. Countries with English as their official or dominant language.

33. Many areas do not learn full English but a Pidgin.

34. What is a pidgin?

35. A Pidgin is a simplified version of a language.

36. Debate: Would text-speak be considered a Pidgin?

37. A pidgin that becomes the major language of a people is called a creole language.

38. Section D: Toponymy

39. What is toponymy?

40. Toponymy is the study of place names
Toponymy is the study of place names. It can often show us historical concepts long after the event has happened or person has died.

41. Toponyms can show us: The History of a Place The Culture of a People
Colonization
Most Brazilian Toponyms are Portuguese
French Toponyms in Louisiana
The Culture of a People
George Washington Bridge,
Martin Luther King Blvd,
Jacksonville, Florida

42. Descriptive Toponyms -
The Rocky Mountains

43. Associative Toponyms -
Pensacola Beach, Florida

44. Commemorative Toponyms -
New York City, New York

45. Manufactured Toponyms -
Truth and Consequences, New Mexico

46. Incident Toponyms -
Battle Creek, Michigan

47. Possessive Toponyms -
Johnson City, Texas