2. Where do service industries contribute the smallest portion to the regional economy?
Africa
Australia
Eastern Europe
North America
Western Europe

3. Where do service industries contribute the smallest portion to the regional economy?
Africa
Australia
Eastern Europe
North America
Western Europe
Answer: A
Difficulty Level: 2
Text Reference: 12.1
U.S. Geography Standard: 3, 11, 12, & 18
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 12.1: Describe consumer services.
Explanation:
Workers in LDCs remain concentrated in the primary and secondary sectors of the economy.

4. FIGURE 12-2 PERCENTAGE OF GDP FROM SERVICES Services account for more than two-thirds of GDP in developed countries, compared to less than one-half in developing countries.

5. In contrast to the United States, most people in the world live in:
clustered rural settlements.
dispersed rural settlements.
small cities.
large cities.
moderate-sized towns.

6. In contrast to the United States, most people in the world live in:
clustered rural settlements.
dispersed rural settlements.
small cities.
large cities.
moderate-sized towns.
Answer: A
Difficulty Level: 2
Text Reference: 12.4
U.S. Geography Standard: 11 & 12
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 12.11: Describe the difference between clustered and dispersed rural settlements.
Explanation:
Villages and hamlets surrounded by agricultural fields are common throughout Europe, Latin America, Africa, and Asia.

7. The enclosure movement in Great Britain was carried out primarily to:
advance democracy.
encourage rural citizens to move to clustered rural settlements.
increase agricultural efficiency.
quell labor unrest.
squash the revolutionary spirit of the peasantry.

8. The enclosure movement in Great Britain was carried out primarily to:
advance democracy.
encourage rural citizens to move to clustered rural settlements.
increase agricultural efficiency.
quell labor unrest.
squash the revolutionary spirit of the peasantry.
Answer: C
Difficulty Level: 3
Text Reference: 12.4
U.S. Geography Standard: 11 & 12
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 12.11: Describe the differences between clustered and dispersed rural settlements.
Explanation:
Using force, the British government consolidated small rural landholdings into large farms.

9. A central place is located in order to maximize consumer:
agricultural production.
access to raw materials.
access to services.
political control.
religious control.

10. A central place is located in order to maximize consumer:
agricultural production.
access to raw materials.
access to services.
political control.
religious control.
Answer: c
Difficulty Level: 3
Text Reference: 12.2
U.S. Geography Standard: 3, 11, 12, & 18
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 12.7: Explain how to use threshold and range to find the optimal location for a service.
Explanation:
Sites are selected in order to minimize the range and achieve the necessary threshold.

11. According to the gravity model, the optimal location for a business is:
independent of distance from customers.
directly related to the number of people in the area.
next to businesses offering similar services.
in the Central Business District.
adjacent to large government facilities.

12. According to the gravity model, the optimal location for a business is:
independent of distance from customers.
directly related to the number of people in the area.
next to businesses offering similar services.
in the Central Business District.
adjacent to large government facilities.
Answer: B
Difficulty Level: 4
Text Reference: 12.2
U.S. Geography Standard: 3, 11, 12, & 18
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 12.7: Explain how to use threshold and range to find the optimal location for a service.
Explanation:
Additionally, the gravity model assumes that the optimal location for a service is inversely related to the distance people must travel to access it.

13. Complete the following analogy. Bartender is to consumer services as:
auto mechanic is to business services.
county clerk is to public services.
librarian is to consumer services.
corporate attorney is to public services.
zoning regulator is to consumer services.

14. Complete the following analogy. Bartender is to consumer services as:
auto mechanic is to business services.
county clerk is to public services.
librarian is to consumer services.
corporate attorney is to public services.
zoning regulator is to consumer services.
Answer: B
Difficulty Level: 4
Text Reference: 12.1
U.S. Geography Standard: 3, 11, 12, & 18
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 12.3: Describe public services.
Explanation:
Although the distinctions among service workers are not absolute, the classifications are useful for discussing different spatial distributions.

15. A market area associated with a central place is an example of a:
contagious region.
formal region.
functional region.
gravity region.
vernacular region.

16. A market area associated with a central place is an example of a:
contagious region.
formal region.
functional region.
gravity region.
vernacular region.
Answer: C
Difficulty Level: 3
Text Reference: 12.2
U.S. Geography Standard: 3, 11, 12, & 18
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 12.4: Explain the concept of market area.
Explanation:
Central place market areas are arranged like functional or nodal regions.

17. Which of the following is an example of a basic industry?
automobile assembly plant
dance studio
dentist
restaurant
supermarket

18. Which of the following is an example of a basic industry?
automobile assembly plant
dance studio
dentist
restaurant
supermarket
Answer: A
Difficulty Level: 3
Text Reference: 12.1
U.S. Geography Standard: 3, 11, 12, & 18
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 12.10: Explain the concept of economic base.
Explanation:
Basic industries are those whose primary customers live elsewhere.

19. Which of the following countries is least urbanized?
Brazil
United States
France
India
Japan

20. Which of the following countries is least urbanized?
Brazil
United States
France
India
Japan
Answer: D
Difficulty Level: 3
Text Reference: 12.4
U.S. Geography Standard: 9 & 12
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome: N/A
Explanation:
India has ten cities with populations over 3 million yet the majority of Indians live in the countryside.

21. FIGURE PERCENTAGE LIVING IN URBAN SETTLEMENTS Developed countries have higher percentages of urban residents than do developing countries.

22. Over the last five decades urban growth rates have been highest in:
LDCs.
MDCs.
the United States.
northern Europe.
Australia.

23. Over the last five decades urban growth rates have been highest in:
LDCs.
MDCs.
the United States.
northern Europe.
Australia.
Answer: A
Difficulty Level: 2
Text Reference: 12.4
U.S. Geography Standard: 9, 11, & 12
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome: N/A
Explanation:
LDCs host eight of the ten most populous cities and their growth is being sped by rural migration and natural increase.

24. FIGURE URBAN SETTLEMENTS WITH AT LEAST 2 MILLION INHABITANTS Most of the world’s largest urban settlements are in developing countries, especially in East Asia, South Asia, and Latin America.

25. New York City is the only Alpha++ city in the United States
New York City is the only Alpha++ city in the United States. What is the only Alpha+ city in the United States?
Los Angeles
Washington D.C.
San Francisco
Boston
Chicago

26. New York City is the only Alpha++ city in the United States
New York City is the only Alpha++ city in the United States. What is the only Alpha+ city in the United States?
Los Angeles
Washington D.C.
San Francisco
Boston
Chicago
Answer: E
Difficulty Level: 4
Text Reference: 12.3
U.S. Geography Standard: 11
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 12.8: Describe the four levels of settlement based on their business services.
Explanation:
Chicago is a break-of-bulk-point and a major center of commerce and trade

27. FIGURE GLOBAL CITIES IN NORTH AMERICA Atop the hierarchy of business services are New York and Chicago.

28. What is the closest non-island country to the United States that is an offshore financial service center?
Belize
Mexico
Costa Rica
Uruguay
Guatemala

29. What is the closest non-island country to the United States that is an offshore financial service center?
Belize
Mexico
Costa Rica
Uruguay
Guatemala
Answer: A
Difficulty Level: 3
Text Reference: 12.3
U.S. Geography Standard: 11
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 12.9: Explain the two types of business services in developing countries.
Explanation:
The other countries don’t currently have laws in place that encourage offshore banking within them.

30. FIGURE OFFSHORE FINANCIAL SERVICE CENTERS Offshore financial service centers include microstates and dependencies of other countries.