1. ISO 45001 IOSH Highlands & Islands Branch Evolution of OHSMSs
6th September 2018
Dr Karen McDonnell CFIOSH Chartered FCIPD PIEMA
Head of RoSPA Scotland, Past President IOSH

2. ISO 45001 Outline Why is a new standard needed? Background to OHSMSs
International standards and ISO 45001
ISO vs OHSAS 18001
Making it happen

3. “Good leaders don’t create followers – they create more leaders.”
ISO 45001
“Good leaders don’t create followers – they create more leaders.”
Source: Tom Peters
These ‘leaders’ can be anywhere within an organisation, ‘we’ create the conditions for people to take ownership and for them to have a voice.
Ownership should extend to all standards/processes within the organisation not simply OHS related standards.
Should encourage a holistic approach to performance improvement aligning personal and organisational thinking.

4. ISO 45001
Global toll
2.78 million people killed by work accidents and disease
7,600 deaths per day (~ one every 12 seconds)
374 million non-fatal work accidents
2.4 million people killed by occupational disease
~ 4% of world GDP = work accidents and diseases
Source: ILO 2017
Stark reminder of the voices silenced everyday.
Only 10% of the working population in the developing world are effectively covered by health and safety regulation.

5. ISO 45001 Benefits of safety and health management
Humanitarian (less work-related injury, illness and death)
Business:
productivity and profitability
customer and worker loyalty
reputation, resilience and results
‘Good ‘ work is good for you, your families, communities and Society as a whole.
A global standard required to tackle global failure in OHS terms.

6. ISO 45001 Why is a new standard needed?
Global toll of safety and health failures
OHSAS – well used, but not an agreed international standard
Alignment with other management standards
90,000 certifications in 127 countries.
OHSAS not however a truly international concensus based standard.

7. 1989 EU Framework Directive
ISO 45001
Background
1989 EU Framework Directive
1991 HSG65
How it evolved
How it relates to 18001

8. ISO 45001 Principles of OH&S management
H&S should be considered integral to productivity, competitiveness and profitability
Key factors for success:
good leadership
sound business processes
trained and skilled workforce
operating in an open and trusting environment

9. 1989 EU Framework Directive
ISO 45001
Background
1989 EU Framework Directive
1991 HSG65
1996
BS 8800
1999
OHSAS 18001
2008
BS 18004
2007 BS OHSAS 18001
2013 BSI proposal to ISO
2013 ISO approval
2018 ISO 45001
Historical background towards a BSI proposal to ISO in 2013…the creation of a new international standard using as a basis. Project committee established in which IOSH represented by Richard Jones were pivotal in the journey towards the launch of in March 2018.

10. World Standards Cooperation
ISO 45001
International standards
Consistency
Inter-operability
Conformity
Safety
Quality
ISO
ITU
IEC
World Standards Cooperation
ISO originated in 1947 as a way to overcome technical barriers to international trade.
ISO: International organisation for standardisation
ITU: International Telecommunications Union
IEC: International Electrotechnical Committee
To ensure;
Consistency
Inter-operability
Conformity
Safety
Quality

11. ISO 45001
Developments
No clear approach to ISO 9001 structure – 20 discrete clauses
Early 1990s user queried how it fitted together into a system
ISO 9001 developed ‘process approach’, followed by ISO using PDCA
Users asked why standards covered issues in different clauses and why some requirement were almost the same
Additional indexing needed when incorporating both standards into overall systems
Challenges
No linkages between clauses …not easy to ‘see’ how all fitted together.
Difficult to ‘read across’ between standards eg. ISO 9001 the Management Review clause is number 5.6 however in ISO it is clause number 4.6

12. ISO 45001
OHSAS – Annex A.1
Similar tables existed in ISO 9001 and ISO 14001
Table demonstrates the value of commonality indexing when seeking to incorporate standards into one organisational system.

13. ISO 45001 Management system standards Established:
ISO – Quality in project management
ISO – Configuration management
ISO – Food safety (ISO 9000 and HACCP)
ISO – Compliance management systems
ISO – IT services
ISO – Sustainable event management
ISO – Sustainable purchasing
ISO – Food safety
ISO – Business continuity management
ISO – Social responsibility
ISO – Human centred organisations
ISO – Security in the supply chain
Existing management system standards

14. ISO 45001 Management system standards Established cont…
ISO – Ship dismantling
ISO – Records management
ISO – Risk management
ISO – Outsourcing
ISO – Road traffic safety management
ISO – Occupational health and safety
ISO – Energy management
ISO – Asset management
ISO/IEC Guide 73 – Risk management terminology
IEC – Dependability
IEC – Obsolescence management
Existing management system standards cont’d

15. ISO 45001 Management system standards Under development:
ISO/TR – Human resources
ISO – Facilities management
ISO – Private security
ISO – Educational establishments
ISO – Anti bribery management systems
ISO/AWI – Innovation management
Revisions:
ISO 9001 – Quality
ISO – Environment
ISO/IEC – Information security management

16. ISO 45001 Standardising the standards
‘Annex SL’ to develop/revise standards
Same high-level structure (clause titles/sequence)
Recent changes.
Since 1947 ISO had accumulated multiple definitions of common terms
328 definitions of ‘organisation’
145 definitions of ‘management system’.
Annex SL provides identical core text , common terms and definitions.
Commonality assisting the ‘read across ‘ between ISO standards.

17. ISO 45001 ISO 45001 clauses Scope Normative references
Terms and definitions
Context of the organisation
Leadership [and worker participation]
Planning
Support
Operation
Performance evaluation
Improvement

18. ISO 45001 Standardising the standards
Aims to:
reduce confusion/inconsistency
enable integration of multiple certifications
‘Annex SL’ to develop/revise standards
Same high-level structure (clause titles/sequence)
Identical core text (+ topic variations)
Commons terms and definitions

19. ISO 45001 ISO 45001 progress 12 March 2018 2013 Publication Approval
Enquiry
Committee
Preparatory
Proposal
2013
6 stage process towards the publication of in March 2018.
IOSH a category A liaison body , global recognition of ‘us’ being an organisation with a valuable contribution to make.
A huge personal and organisational commitment by staff and members
4 consultation responses, drafted by Richard Jones, commented on by members
Webinars, papers at conference
ISO PC 283 now disbanded and a new technical committee established which will oversee the maintenance and review of

20. “No problem can withstand the assault of sustained thinking.”
ISO 45001
“No problem can withstand the assault of sustained thinking.”
Voltaire
Voltaire a french philosopher perhaps the greatest literary figure in modern times.
This quote reflects the work undertaken by PC 283 and the IOSH role as a category ‘A’ liaison body
Also reflects our approach as professionals to tackling OHS and wellbeing challenges.

21. ISO 45001
The next few slides will focus on the content of 45001…however in my opinion ‘implementation’ of the standard is the challenge.
Implementing is a ‘doing’ word- putting into effect and making it work
Global yet can be applied locally
When interpreted and proportionately applied will proactively improve employee safety.

22. ISO 45001 Aims of ISO 45001 Minimise risk of harm
Provide platform for continual improvement
Integrate safety and health
Harm includes mental and physical health
Integrate into business management system and processes.

23. Similar approach taken to that of OHSAS 18001 and HSG 65

24. Leadership and worker participation Performance evaluation
ISO 45001
System diagram
Scope of OHSMS
Needs and expectations of interested parties
Internal and external issues 4
Context
of the
organisation
Plan Do
Check
Act
7 Support 8 Operation 6
Planning 5
Leadership and worker participation 9
Performance evaluation
Intended outcomes of the OHSMS 10
Improvement
Leadership & worker participation – commitment, policy, roles, responsibilities, accountabilities and authorities + consultation, etc
Planning – setting OH&S objectives and the actions needed to achieve them
Support – resources, competence, awareness, communication, documented information
Operation – operational planning and action (inc. mgt of change, outsourcing, procurement and contractors, emergency preparedness, etc)
Performance evaluation – measuring and monitoring, internal audit and mgt review
Improvement – setting targets, investigating incidents and non-conformities, and taking corrective actions
Source: based on ISO Fig. 1

25. ISO 45001 Stakeholder confidence?
“groups without whose support the organization would cease to exist”
“the feeling or belief that one can have faith in or rely on someone or something”
“the state of feeling certain about the truth of something”
“a feeling of self-assurance arising from an appreciation of one's own abilities or qualities”
What is a stakeholder
Who are your stakeholders
What do we mean by stakeholder confidence?

26. ISO 45001 ISO 45001 vs OHSAS 18001 Context Leadership
Documented information
More on:
worker participation
continual improvement
hierarchy of control
risk and opportunities
compliance status
supply chain
KPIs
worker participation – top management need to ensure more non-managerial participation and that they support leadership and contribution from others [which takes us back to the quote I used earlier about creating more leaders!]
continual improvement – there is a requirement for continual improvement objectives and process
hierarchy of control – there is emphasis on applying the ‘hierarchy’ at planning and operational stages, so that problems can be designed-out at the earliest stage
risk management – this requires ongoing assessment of risks and opportunities, both for OH&S and for the OHSMS itself
compliance status – requires a process to ensure that relevant legal and other requirements are taken into account, kept up-to-date and compliance status checked
contractors, procurement and outsourcing – recognising the growth in these areas, there is a requirement for specific processes to safely manage these issues [remember the point I made earlier about only ~10% of the working age population in developing countries effectively covered by H&S regulation]
performance evaluation – requires criteria against which evaluation takes place and for not only OH&S performance to be evaluated, but also of the efficacy of the system

27. ISO 45001 Making it happen Arrived 12 March 2018
Overwhelming support for publishing
OHSAS now withdrawn
3-year migration period
Understand ISO requirements
Identify and address gaps
Certification bodies can help
Remember while auditors will take a proportionate approach they will base thei decisions an the evidence presented/complied through interview. President and Founder of Global Solutions Inc Kathy Seabrook at launch of said ‘ if its not documented it’s a rumour’.
When developing auditors in-house make sure to provide insights into ‘how to’ interview non-OHS specialists
Implementing will necessitate change within an organisation, these changes need to be sustainable (where this means to be upheld or defended). No use trying to implement change that wont provide long term benefits or that easily falls to the wayside.

28. ISO 45001 What to do next Raise awareness Secure commitment
Upskill as needed:
Safety and health professionals
Top management
Auditors
Ensure gender, language, culture, literacy are not barriers to understanding
How do you accommodate risk perception across the life course of an employee
young workers, transfer between roles, pre-retirement, arduous work?
Workforce planning is climbing the agenda within the contaxt of an ageing global population and the importance of sustainable working lives.

29. ISO 45001 Opportunity to improve
Good safety and health management systems and cultures help organisations to:
prevent injury, illness and death
improve reputation, resilience and results
Take time to reflect on ‘rumour’ vs ‘reality’ as you progress towards ISO
More often than not businesses feel they need to make changes which are not necessary or relevant to their needs
To quote Martin Cottam at the launch of ‘ISO is to assist organisations to develop themselves as opposed to meeting the demands of auditors’.

30. Thank you
Any questions?