1. Energy is Drawing the Map
Freddy A. Mercado
November 1 - 4, 2013

2. Points of Presentation
Not:
Pro Oil or Pro Green – Just the facts
Critical of US policy – World Picture
Alarmist – not time to hit the bunker!
Yes:
The truth of energy consumption
The pressures to get more energy
How it is affecting global decisions
How is it drawing the map around the world

3. Who has it? Who wants it? Oil, Natural Gas and Coal reserves: Link
World Electric Energy Production Counter: Link
Energy use consumption: Link
Energy production: Link
Energy Import: Link
Population density detail: Link
Video Summary : 2012 (3 min)
Video Summary 2013 (2:11 min)

4. Nuclear for energy?
Japan dependency on oil before Oil Crisis in 1973 for Electricity: 66%
5 nuclear reactors in 1973
In 2011 Oil for Electricity: 10%
50 nuclear reactors in 2011 provided 30% of Electricity
Had planned to add another 24+ nuclear reactors
Had planned to provide 60% Electricity with Nuclear
Japan will close ALL nuclear reactors by 2040
Japan will not close ALL nuclear reactors by 2040
All are shut down now for “Maintenance” in 2013
Switzerland to phase out nuclear power by 2029
Nuclear generates 40% of electricity today
Germany to phase out nuclear power by 2022
Nuclear generates 23% of its power
Worldwide Nuclear Power: Link
Clean up: Link
Nuclear power is a path to develop Nuclear Weapons.

5. Energy Fact for the next 30 years
Oil will continue to fuel WW energy needs
Improved efficiency will prolong its use
Over 20% reserves WW are in Arctic yet to be found
Freight Transportation depends almost entirely on oil
Natural Gas is growing faster than oil in reserves and production
Coal will become more important in developing areas
Too large reserves to ignore
Environmentally risky then and now
No new Coal fueled Electricity Plants in Texas planned
New energies will slowly become relevant
Energy consumption growing faster than new energies’ overall impact
Summary US Video: 2030 (2:17 min)
Summary World Video: (1:57 min)

6. The true near future energy source?
Petroleum (Crude Oil and Natural Gas)
Coal (developing countries)
Alternative Fuels must grow to 25% of energy use
Where will we find more Oil?

7. Perspective and Incentive

8. Continental Shelf New Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ): Link
Definition: Graph
The extension of the landmass of a continent: Link
UN changed definition of Continental Shelf in a Convention in force since Slowly countries are submitting. Process
Map of the world with the EEZ.

9. China and Asia
Perfect example of policy driven by Resources and Energy needs.
Border Issues: Video (3 min)
Japan uses EEZ to claim Islands: Link
Methane Hydrate gas frozen under the seas (Japan & US): Link

10. The Arctic Ice melting at faster rates than ever
A large area of the planet that was vastly unpopulated and with inaccessible resources
Melting of ice this past year: Video (2:25 min)
How does that happen- Video (0:50 to 2:06 min)
Change in Arctic Ocean Currents – Video (30 sec)
Long winters we are having? (4 min)
President briefed on effects of ice melt (Extra):Link

11. “Land” Grab in Arctic Border disputes: Video (4:05 min)
Arctic Boundary Map : Link
Border: Russia and Norway: Link
Why? Norway: Link
Hans Island: Canada and Denmark: Link
Russia Drilling in Arctic: Video (2:34 min)
Greenpeace: Video (20 sec)
US missing out?: Link
Canada and NATO: Video (7:10 to 8:14)

12. “Land” Grab in Arctic– cont.
International Forum:
Arctic Council for countries inside Arctic Circle
Including Canada, Denmark (Greenland), Norway, Russia, US, Finland, Iceland and Sweden.
Observers: France, Germany, Netherlands, Poland, Spain, UK, China, India, Italy, Japan, Singapore & Korea - Link
Countries outside Arctic Circle can join “Arctic Circle”: Link
China
Claim “China as a "near-Arctic state" and a " Arctic stakeholder." (China's border and Arctic Circle is about 900 miles away.)”
Iceland needs a financial recovery: Link
Greenland Elections: Link
Defense:
Russia and Norway: Link
Canada: Link

13. “Land” Grab in Arctic - cont
Transportation:
Suez and Panama Canals: Link
US & Canada Northwest Passage Video (8:55 to / 15:27 to 16:25)
All present and future traffic, population, environment, in region: Link ***
China builds Icebreakers: Link
Risk of Collision: Link
Nuclear Decommission Delays due to cost: Link
Infrastructure:
Nuclear Power Plants for Russia: Video (30 sec)
Application of Nuclear Power Plants (Internal copy)
Page 10, 14, 16

15. The Northern Crossing First ever winter Arctic crossing 2012: Link
Source of Natural Gas: Hammerfest at the Snohvit field, high above the Arctic Circle.
Origin and Destination: Norway to Japan
Why:
40% less fuel used
20 days less of travel
No Pirates at sea: Video (2:30 min)

16. “Land” grab in Antarctica
Queen Elizabeth Land: Link Video (1:51 min)
Australia reacts to Q. Elizabeth Land and “Welcome to China”: Link
Antarctica without Ice: Link (Click on map below picture, expand)
Resources Study (Page 10, 13): Link
Islands help extend claims: Link
Argentina: Link and Map
Malvinas or Falkland Islands ? Link
War of Photo
Chile:
Chile base in 1951 : Link
President visit Antarctica: Link
Map with Antarctica Claims: Link
Map with EEZ Claims: Claims Map

17. History is Today Today is History Participate

18. Q and A

19. Backup Slides
In case you did not had enough and want to explore more, follow me….

20. Energy is Drawing the Map
Freddy A. Mercado
May , 2013

21. Why do we need energy? Electricity Transportation Manufacturing
Living and Working
Government, Defense and Protection
Food
Water and Waste Water
Health Care
Education
No energy: New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina

22. What kind of “energies” exist?
Oil – Fossil Fuels
Coal - Regulation
Natural Gas - Growing
Hydroelectric
Nuclear
Wind
Biofuels and Waste
To eat or not to eat
Solar
All night
Geothermal
Very location limited

23. Hydroelectric Water is 800 times denser than Air Dams
Stored and used as needed
Draughts
Tides and Currents
Potential up to 1/3 of current consumption in US
Moon rules tides
Very predictable
Waves
Varies with winds

24. Wind Onshore wind mills: Link Offshore wind mills: Link
Hot air power: Link
Limited locations
Unpredictable
No appealing views

25. How Much Wind in the US

26. The Future….. What is the future source of energy? Oil: Link Coal
Natural Gas
Hydroelectric
Fusion ? Link
Nuclear ?
Solar

27. Arctic Issues Canada’s claims and concerns: Link
Who own the Arctic? Presentation Link
Program Camp Century – Link – Video - Link

28. “Land” Grab in Arctic– cont.
International Forum:
Arctic Council for countries inside Arctic Circle
New Observers: China, India, Italy, Japan, Singapore & Korea - Link
Sweden’s Point of view (extra): Link
Countries outside Arctic Circle can join “Arctic Circle”: Link
Organization’s site (Extra)
China
Claim “China as a "near-Arctic state" and a " Arctic stakeholder." (China's border and Arctic Circle is about 900 miles away.)”
Iceland needs a financial recovery: Link
How China became an “Arctic State” (Extra): Link
China’s aspirations (Extra): Link
Greenland Elections: Link
Defense:
Russia and Norway: Link
Canada: Link