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Vocabulary Review Ch 22 – Humans and the Environment
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The study of the interaction between humans and their own environment. Environmental science
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Earths rock interior that extends from the molten center of the planets core to the solid surface of its crust Geosphere
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The portion of Earth that is water, including all oceans, lakes, and rivers Hydrosphere
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The mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth above the hydrosphere and geosphere Atmosphere
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The part of the Earth where life exists Biosphere
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The layer of the atmosphere at an altitude of 15 to 40 km in which ozone absorbs ultraviolet solar radiation Ozone layer
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The warming of the surface and lower atmosphere of Earth that occurs when carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases in the air absorb and reradiate infrared radiation Greenhouse effect
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The variety of organisms considered at all levels, from populations to ecosystems Biodiversity
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An index that combines the number and relative abundance of different species in a community Species diversity
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The amount of variation in the genetic material within all members of a population Genetic diversity
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Substances that cause unintended harm in air, water, or soil Pollution
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Water vapor mixed with chemicals that result from human activities Smog
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A type of hydrocarbon in which some or all of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by chlorine and fluorine; used in coolants for refrigerators and air conditioners and in cleaning solvents Chlorofluorocarbon
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The accumulation of increasingly large amounts of toxic substances within each successive link of the food chain Biological Magnification
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Precipitation, such as rain, sleet, snow, that contains a high concentration of acids, often because of the pollution of the atmosphere Acid precipitation
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The death of every member of a species Extinction
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A species that is critical to the functioning of the ecosystem in which it lives because it affects the survival in its community Keystone species
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The condition in which human needs are met in such a way that a human population can survive indefinitely Sustainability
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A branch of biology that is the study of the management of natural resources and the preservation of biodiversity Conservation biology
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The science of rehabilitating, replacing, or acquiring the equivalent of any natural resources that have been injured, destroyed, or lost Restoration biology
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A species that is especially sensitive to ecological change and thus can serve as an indicator of environmental conditions Bioindicator
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Region of the biosphere that has been identified by conservationists as having high species diversity and as being highly threatened by human Biodiversity hotspot
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A form of tourism that supports the conservation and sustainable development of ecologically unique areas Ecotourism
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The study of ecology in areas that are densely populated by humans Urban ecology
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