Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 1.

Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 1

WE Prerequisite Outdoor Water Use Reduction
NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Intent To reduce outdoor water consumption. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 3

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Requirements Reduce outdoor water use through one of the following options. Option 1. No Irrigation Required Permanent irrigation not required beyond a maximum two-year establishment period. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 4

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Option 2. Reduced Irrigation 30% reduction from baseline for site’s peak watering month. Reduction attributed to: Plant species selection Irrigation system efficiency Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) WaterSense Water Budget Tool. Exclude - non-vegetated surfaces, including permeable and impermeable pavement. Include - vegetated playgrounds, athletic fields, food gardens, and urban agricultural areas at project’s discretion. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 5

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Additional Information to Consider Native, adapted, drought-tolerate plants. Require less fertilizer and fewer chemical pesticides. Projects with no landscape area are exempt from this prerequisite. WaterSense Water Budget Tool automatically derives rainfall and evapotranspiration (ETo) in inches per month for the critical month of the year, based on the project’s zip code. Minimize the use of turf (athletic playing fields). Artificial turf may not count. No credit is given for alternative water sources in this prerequisite. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 6

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC xeriscaping landscaping that does not require routine irrigation. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 7

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC ETo, a measurement of water lost from a well maintained expanse of average-height green grass and the surrounding soil, varies with a location’s sunshine, wind, humidity, and temperature. Hot, dry, and windy locations have higher ETo values than cool, humid locations. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 8

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Cooling tower blowdown the water discharged from a cooling tower typically because increased salinity or alkalinity has caused scaling. Cooling tower blowdown may be too saline for use in landscape irrigation. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 9

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Example: Rockville, Maryland The location is a typical suburban community in Maryland. Its zip code is The team uses the EPA WaterSense Water Budget Data Finder: Enter Zip Code: 20852 Peak Month: Jun ETo Value: 6.27 inches/month Rainfall: 3.10 inches/month Access the EPA Interactive Water Budget Tool: Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 10

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 11

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Example: Rockville, Maryland The landscape water allowance (30% below baseline minimum) equals 43,771 gallons a month. The LWR for this design in this location is 16,873 gallons a month. The total savings from the baseline amounts to 73%. Since only 30% is required to meet the prerequisite, the project easily achieves compliance. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 15

WE Prerequisite Indoor Water Use Reduction
NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Intent To reduce indoor water consumption. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 16

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Requirements Building Water Use 20% reduction from baseline for fixtures and fitting shown in Table 1. All newly installed toilets, urinals, private lavatory faucets, and showerheads that are eligible for labeling must be WaterSense labeled. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 17

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Appliance and Process Water Use Install appliances, equipment, and processes within the project scope that meet the requirements listed in the tables below. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 19

S, R, HOS, HC Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 21

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Additional Information to Consider The WaterSense label was developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to identify these efficient fixtures and ensure that higher efficiency does not come at the cost of performance. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 22

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Alternative or nonpotable water sources that offset potable water demand are addressed in the corresponding credit. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 23

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Using aerators is an acceptable water savings strategy. Newly installed aerators or flow restrictors added to private lavatories or showers must be WaterSense labeled. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 24

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Duration-based savings from autocontrol faucets with automatic fixture sensors or metering controls are no longer allowed in the design case. Studies have shown that autocontrol faucets do not save water because users frequently reactivate the faucet after initial use or stop washing before the cycle ends. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 25

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Sinks can be defined as public, private, kitchen, or process, depending on use and location. Ice machines that are ineligible for the ENERGY STAR label—for example, ice machines within refrigerators—do not need to comply with the prerequisite requirement. Describe the cooling tower or evaporative condenser system, and address the meters, controllers, alarms, and features indicated in the credit requirements. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 26

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Compliance Path 1 Compliance is documented through product cutsheets or fixture schedules. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 27

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC * The WaterSense label is available for this fixture type. **The average flush rate for dual-flush toilets must be calculated as the average flush volume of one full flush and two reduced flushes, using a 1:2 (high flush:low flush) ratio. gpf = gallons per flush gpm = gallons per minute Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 28

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Compliance Path 2 Usage-Based Calculation is for projects that cannot demonstrate the 20% reduction for each fixture, based on manufacturers’ documentation. Using the indoor water use calculator provided by USGBC, the project team must perform calculations to show that, in aggregate, the fixtures comply with prerequisite requirements. Projects pursuing points under WE Credit Indoor Water Use Reduction must use this compliance path. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 29

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Indoor Water Use Calculator Requires: Project occupancy - Count occupants consistently across all LEED credits. Gender ratio - The default gender mix is half male and half female (50:50). Days of operation - The default number of days of operation per year is 365. Fixture types used in the project. Note: Gender ratio affects water usage only when urinals are installed. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 30

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Excluded Water-Using Equipment Appliances and equipment that use water on materials intended for human consumption may be excluded: Bread and produce misters Soda machines Coffee-making machines Fixtures used to fill sinks for washing produce Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 32

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Process water sink fixtures that are excluded: Specialized Janitor sinks Laboratory sinks regulated for medical or industrial purposes Commercial kitchens (food service) Commercial kitchen (food service) sinks and prep sinks, including pot filling sinks, wash-down, and cleaning sinks Health care Surgical scrub sinks Exam or procedure room sinks for clinical use Medication room sinks General Janitor closet sinks Soiled utility room flushing rim sinks Soiled utility room hand-washing sinks Clean utility room hand-washing sinks Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 33

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Project Variations Core and Shell Include only plumbing fixtures, appliances, and process water installed as a part of the Core and Shell project’s scope of work. If no eligible plumbing fixtures, appliances, and process water are installed as part of the Core and Shell project scope of work, the project automatically achieves this prerequisite. Schools For K–12 schools that close on weekends, holidays, and for eight weeks of school vacation, assume 195 days of operation. Mixed-Use Separate calculation if the spaces use different fixtures or have dramatically different patterns of occupancy. Additions Include all fixtures within the project boundary Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 36

WE Prerequisite Building-Level Water Metering
NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Intent To support water management and identify opportunities for additional water savings by tracking water consumption. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 38

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Requirements Building Water Use Install permanent water meters that measure the total potable water use for the building and associated grounds. Meter data must be compiled into monthly and annual summaries; meter readings can be manual or automated. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 39

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Commit to sharing with USGBC the resulting whole-project water usage data for a five-year period beginning on the date the project accepts LEED certification or typical occupancy, whichever comes first. This commitment must carry forward for five years or until the building changes ownership or lessee. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 40

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Additional Information to Consider Potable water end uses: Plumbing fixtures Cooling towers and evaporative condensers Laundering Dishwashing Indoor and outdoor water features Irrigation Exterior cleaning Manufacturing processes Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 41

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Potable water sources that must be metered: Public water supply On-site well On-site potable water treatment system Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 42

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC If all water comes from a public water supply and the utility’s water meter provides monthly consumption data, that system’s meter meets the prerequisite requirements. Project team may meet the prerequisite requirement by tracking water usage through monthly billing. Begin tracking water use when the project achieves LEED certification or at occupancy, whichever occurs first. Metering and data collection are the same for Core and Shell projects. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 43

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Multifamily Residential Either use a whole-building meter or, provided all potable water uses are accounted for, aggregate data from submeters for each unit and common spaces. Additions A single meter that covers both old and new portions of the building may be installed, but submetering for the addition is encouraged. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 44

WE Credit Outdoor Water Use Reduction
NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Intent To reduce outdoor water consumption. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 45

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Requirements Reduce outdoor water use through one of the following options. Nonvegetated surfaces, such as permeable or impermeable pavement, should be excluded from landscape area calculations. Athletic fields and playgrounds (if vegetated) and food gardens may be included or excluded at the project team’s discretion. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 46

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Option 1. No Irrigation Required Permanent irrigation not required beyond a maximum two-year establishment period. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 47

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Option 2. Reduced Irrigation 50% reduction (1 point) or 100% reduction (2 points) from baseline for site’s peak watering month. Additional reductions beyond 30% may be achieved using any combination of: Efficiency Alternative water sources Smart scheduling technologies (WaterSense labeled automatic 15% reduction) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) WaterSense Water Budget Tool. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 48

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Additional Information to Consider Rainwater Harvesting from Roof Gallons per 1 inch of rain = Roof area in ft2 x 0.6 Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 49

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Additional Reduction from Baseline for Smart Irrigation Controls Count only irrigation controls whose smart-sensor technology meets the WaterSense criteria. These controls result in an additional 15% reduction that project teams can take from the baseline. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 50

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Alternative Water Sources Reclaimed wastewater Graywater Swimming pool backwash filter Refrigeration system condensate Captured rainwater Stormwater and foundation drain water Steam system condensate Fluid cooler discharge Food steamer discharge Combination oven discharge Industrial process water Fire pump test water Municipally supplied treated wastewater Ice machine condensate Condensate and cooling tower blowdown in particular may have salinity levels precluding use for irrigation. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 51

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Graywater Untreated household wastewater from: Bathtubs Showers Bathroom wash basins Clothes-washers and Laundry tubs No Human Waste or Food Processing i.e. kitchen sinks and dishwashers Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 52

WE Credit Indoor Water Use Reduction
NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Intent To reduce indoor water consumption. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 53

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Requirements Further reduce fixture and fitting water use from the calculated baseline in WE Prerequisite Indoor Water Use Reduction. Additional potable water savings can be earned above the prerequisite level using alternative water sources. Include fixtures and fittings necessary to meet the needs of the occupants. Some of these fittings and fixtures may be outside the project boundary. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 54

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Points are awarded according to Table 1. Exemplary performance: Achieve ≥55% water use reduction. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 55

S, R, HOS, HC Schools, Retail, Hospitality, and Healthcare only Meet the percentage reduction requirements shown in Table 1. AND Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 56

S, R, HOS, HC Appliance and Process Water Install equipment within the project scope that meets the minimum requirements in Table 2, 3, 4, or 5 . One point is awarded for meeting all applicable requirements in any one table. All applicable equipment listed in each table must meet the standard. Schools, Retail, and Healthcare projects can earn a second point for meeting the requirements of two tables. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 57

S, R, HOS, HC To use Table 2, the project must process at least 120,000 lbs of laundry per year. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 58

S, R, HOS, HC To use Table 3, the project must serve at least 100 meals per day of operation. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 59

S, R, HOS, HC To use Table 4, the project must be a medical or laboratory facility. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 60

S, R, HOS, HC To use Table 5, the project must be connected to a municipal or district steam system that does not allow the return of steam condensate. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 61

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Additional Information to Consider Alternatives to Potable Water: Municipally supplied reclaimed water (“purple pipe” water) Graywater Rainwater Stormwater Treated seawater Condensate Foundation dewatering water Used process water Reverse osmosis reject water Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 62

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Untreated Water Sources Ineligible Raw water from naturally occurring surface bodies of water: Streams Rivers Groundwater Well water Water discharged from an open-loop geothermal system Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 63

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC When choosing alternative sources of water, target the uses that require the least treatment first. In most cases, water can be reused outside the building (for irrigation) or inside (for toilet flushing) with minimal treatment, but other uses will require more energy-intensive treatment. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 64

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC process water water that is used for industrial processes and building systems, such as cooling towers, boilers, and chillers. It can also refer to water used in operational processes, such as dishwashing, clothes washing, and ice making. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 65

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Core and Shell Include in the credit documentation all plumbing fixtures necessary to meet the occupants’ needs whether they will be installed as part of the project’s scope of work or not. A project team may earn credit for the efficiency of not-yet-installed future plumbing fixtures by submitting a legally binding tenant sales or lease agreement. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 66

WE Credit Cooling Tower Water Use
NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Intent To conserve water used for cooling tower makeup while controlling microbes, corrosion, and scale in the condenser water system. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 67

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Requirements For cooling towers and evaporative condensers, conduct a one-time potable water analysis, measuring at least the five control parameters listed in Table 1. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 68

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Calculate the number of cooling tower cycles by dividing the maximum allowed concentration level of each parameter by the actual concentration level of each parameter found in the potable makeup water. Limit cooling tower cycles to avoid exceeding maximum values for any of these parameters. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 69

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Additional Information to Consider To prevent buildup of deposits, cooling tower and evaporative condenser systems remove a portion of the water through a process called blowdown. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 70

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Makeup water is then added to replace evaporative losses and blowdown volume. Cooling towers can therefore account for large portions of a building’s total water use. Increasing the number of cycles can save thousands of gallons of potable water during a building’s peak cooling periods. Only projects served by cooling towers or evaporative condensers are eligible for this credit. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 71

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Equation 1. Cycles of Concentration Cycles of concentration = Acceptable maximum concentrations in condenser water Parameter concentrations in makeup water Limiting factor: Identify which concentration parameter has the fewest calculated cycles before it exceeds the maximum concentration. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 72

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Cycles of Concentration Cycles of concentration are the number of times that a volume of water can circulate through a cooling tower system before dissolved minerals become so concentrated (as water is lost to evaporation) that they precipitate and cause scaling—deposits that reduce the efficiency of the cooling system. A higher number of cycles indicates better water efficiency because less makeup water is required. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 74

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Nonpotable Sources should have low levels of dissolved solids. Good nonpotable water sources include the following: Air-conditioner condensate Rainwater Steam system condensate Food steamer discharge water Fire pump test water Ice machine condensate Other factors to consider are ease of transport to the cooling tower and required volume of makeup water. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 75

WE Credit Water Metering
NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Intent To support water management and identify opportunities for additional water savings by tracking water consumption. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 76

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Requirements Install permanent water meters for two or more of the following water subsystems, as applicable to the project: Irrigation Meter water systems serving at least 80% of the irrigated landscaped area. Calculate the percentage of irrigated landscape area served as the total metered irrigated landscape area divided by the total irrigated landscape area. Landscape areas fully covered with xeriscaping or native vegetation that requires no routine irrigation may be excluded from the calculation. Indoor plumbing fixtures and fittings Meter water systems serving at least 80% of the indoor fixtures and fitting described in WE Prerequisite Indoor Water Use Reduction, either directly or by deducting all other measured water use from the measured total water consumption of the building and grounds. Domestic hot water Meter water use of at least 80% of the installed domestic hot water heating capacity (including both tanks and on-demand heaters). Boiler with aggregated projected annual water use of 100,000 gallons or more, or boiler of more than 500,000 Btuh A single makeup meter may record flows for multiple boilers. Reclaimed water Meter reclaimed water, regardless of rate. A reclaimed water system with a makeup water connection must also be metered so that the true reclaimed water component can be determined. Other process water Meter at least 80% of expected daily water consumption for process end uses, such as humidification systems, dishwashers, clothes washers, pools, and other subsystems using process water. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 77

HEALTHCARE Healthcare Projects only In addition to the requirements above, install water meters in any five of the following: purified water systems (reverse-osmosis, de-ionized); filter backwash water; water use in dietary department; water use in laundry; water use in laboratory; water use in central sterile and processing department; water use in physiotherapy and hydrotherapy and treatment areas; water use in surgical suite; closed-looped hydronic system makeup water; and cold-water makeup for domestic hot water systems. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 78

NC, CS, S, R, DC, WDC, HOS, HC Additional Information to Consider Metering water usage by subsystem helps facilities managers better gauge a building’s water efficiency. Cooling tower sub meters are addressed separately, under WE Prerequisite Indoor Water Use Reduction. Lori A. Brown, LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP ND, LEED AP O+M -- LEED Green Associate Exam -- Power Jam Study! -- lorisweb.com 79

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