1. Nervous System Overview Sheet`
Functions of the nervous system:
Define the following terms associated with the nervous system:
Sensory receptors
Integrative function
Motor output
Organization of the nervous system:

2. Structural classification:
Central nervous system (CNS):
Peripheral nervous system (PNS):
What do spinal nerves do?
What do cranial nerves do?
Sensory (afferent) division:
Motor (efferent) division:
Somatic nervous system:
Autonomic nervous system:
Where have you seen afferent and efferent before?

3. Overview of Nervous System
School House Rock....Telegram:)
Make me a Genius Video Overview of Nervous Sysem

4. Central Nervous System
Two organs of the Central Nervous System: Brain and Spinal Cord
1. Gray matter: unmyleinated ( outer part of cerebrum)
2. White matter: Myelinated ( inside of cerebrum)
Spinal Cord
Major functions of the spinal cord = conducting nerve impulses & center for relexes
How many spinal nerves are there? 31 pairs
In the spinal cord, gray matter is on the outside, while white matter is on the inside.
Four projections of the spinal cord= cervical , brachial, lumbarsacral, and intercostal.
ascending_Tracts conduct impulses to the brain
descending Tracts conduct impulses away from the brain

5. Protection of CNS is accomplished by the meninges, cerebrospinal fluid, and the blood brain barrier.
a. Meninges: 3 layers
1. dura mater -tough white fibrous connective
2. arachnoid mater- no blood vessels
3. piamater- nerves & blood vessels
b. Cerebrospinal fluid: clear watery fluid in arachnoid space
c. Blood-brain barrier: separates circulating blood from ECF of brain

6. Brain
Four regions of the brain: cerebrum, diancephalon, brainstem, and cerebellum.
The Cerebral Hemispheres - the largest portion of the brain w/ four lobes.
Parietal lobe: posterior to frontal/ understanding speech words and sensory
Occipital lobe: back of cerebral hemispheres/ visual recognition
Temporal lobe: below frontal and parietal/ sensory, memory, visual and auditory
Frontal Lobe: anterior/ concentrations, problem solving and planning

7. The corpus collosum allows communication between cerebral hemispheres. 
The longitudinal fissure divides the cerebral hemispheres. 
The cerebrum has a thin layer of cerebral cortex on the outermost portion and a mass of white matter within. 
The Diencephalon is superior to the brain stem with three structures.
a. Thalamus: central relay station for incoming sensory impulses
b. Hypothalamus: HOMEOSTASIS by HORMONES!
c. Other parts of diencephalon: optic tracts, optic chiasma,  infidubullum, and posterior pituitary gland
The Brain Stem is the most inferior portion of the brain with three structures.
a. Midbrain- reflex center/ eye and head mov’ts
b. Pons- transmits impulses for cerebrum/ BREATHING
c. Medulla oblongata: ascending & descending tracts/ reflex center for vital and non- vital responses
The Cerebellum has 2 hemispheres and is POSTERIOR and inferior to the cerebral hemispheres. It is responsible for: cooridination of skeletal muscles and equilibrium

8. Brain parts with your hands
Label the regions of the brain:
Cerebellum-- 57
Cerebral aqueduct-- 62
Cerebrum--51
Corpus callosum--52
Fourth ventricle--58
Hypothalamus-- 61
Medulla oblongata-- 59
Midbrain- 53
Pituitary gland-- 55
Pons-- 60
Thalamus-- 54
Third ventricle--56

9. Peripheral Nervous System
The peripheral nervous system consist of two types of neurons:
Sensory neurons: afferent- bring info. Into CNS
Motor neurons: efferent- from CNS to effectors
The peripheral nervous system can be divided into two parts: somatic system & autonomic system.
The sensory-somatic system is made up of sensory and motor. It is responsible for receiving and sending messages through sensory and motor neurons.
Complete the table to the right detailing Cranial Nerves ( Table 9.6 pg. 246)
Nerves
Type
Function
Olfactory
Optic
Oculomotor
Trochlear
Trigeminal
Abducens
Facial
Vestibulocohlear
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
Accessory
Hypoglossal
Nerves
Type
Function
Olfactory
Optic
Oculomotor
Trochlear
Trigeminal
Abducens
Facial
Vestibulocohlear
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
Accessory
Hypoglossal

10. Olfactory– Sensory-- Smell
Optic-- Sensory-- Vision
Oculomotor-- Primary Motor-- raise eyelids, move eyes, amt. of light, focus lenses
Trochlear-- Primary Motor- moves muscles of eyes
Trigeminal-- Mixed-- tears, scalp and forehead, upper eyelid, lower jaw
Abducens-- Primary Motor- move eyes
Facial– Mixed- anterior tongue, facial expression, salivary, tear glands

11. Vestibulocohlear- Sensory-- Equilibrium
Glossopharyngeal-- Mixed- pharynx, tonsils, carotid arteries
Vagus-- Mixed--- speech, swallowing, heart, smooth muscles in the abdomen
Accessory-- Primary Motor- pharynx, larynx
Hypoglossal-- Primary Motor- tongue

12. The autonomic nervous system is responsible for: heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, and body temperature
The primary responsibility of the autonomic nervous system is to maintain homeostasis
The muscle contractions regulated by the autonomic system are involuntary.
The autonomic nervous system is split into two parts:
Sympathetic nervous system: Norepinepherine! STRESS/ENERGY--- thoracic/ lumbar regions
Parasympathetic nervous system:  ACH-- ORDINARY ACTIVITIES-- brain/ sacral regions

13. Neurotransmitters of the sympathetic nervous system are acetylcholine and noradrenaline.
Acetylcholine: CNS-- skeletal PNS-- may excite or inhibit
Noradrenaline: (aka norepinepherine)”THE FEEL GOOD” NT
The neurotransmitter of the sympathetic nervous system is NEP.
In short, the Parasympathetic returns the body functions to normal after they have been altered by Sympathetic.

14. DRAWINGS…. Due Thursday 12-14-17
Fig. 9.4 pg Neuron
Fig pg Major parts of the Brain
Fig pg Major lobes and functions
Fig pg Brain stem parts Ventral view only… (one on the left side)