1. 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

2. Essential Question What are the structures of the nervous system?
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3. Introduction: Structures of the nervous system
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4. Cellular structures of the nervous system
Neuron- a nerve cell
Extensions of the neuron
Dendrites - many
Axon - one
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5. Cellular structures of the nervous system
Neuron- a nerve cell
Myelin sheath - a special covering of the axon
Synapse – the space between neurons
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6. Structures of the nervous system
Central nervous system
Brain
Spinal cord
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7. Structures of the nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
Nerves
Cranial nerves
Spinal nerves
Sensory receptors

8. Structures of the Central Nervous System: BRAIN
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9. Structures of the central nervous system:BRAIN
Cerebrum
Divided into two hemispheres (right and left)
Frontal lobe
Occipital lobe
Parietal lobe
Temporal lobe
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10. Structures of the central nervous system: BRAIN
Diencephalon
Located between the cerebrum and the midbrain
Structures
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Pineal body
Pituitary gland
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11. Structures of the central nervous system: BRAIN
Diencephalon
Thalamus – spherical mass of gray matter; deep in the cerebral hemispheres
Hypothalamus – lies below the thalamus; part of the limbic system
Pineal body – endocrine system gland
Pituitary gland – endocrine system gland
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12. Structures of the central nervous system: BRAIN
Limbic system
Located in the center of the brain
Encircles the top of the brain stem.
3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system
Composed of the amygdala, hippocampus, cingulated gyrus, and other intricate structures. (Informational only for reference.) 12

13. Structures of the central nervous system: BRAIN
Cerebellum
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14. Structures of the central nervous system: BRAIN
Brain stem
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata
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15. Structures of the central nervous system: BRAIN
Meninges
Dura mater
Outermost layer
Arachnoid
Middle layer
Pia mater
Innermost layer
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16. Structures of the central nervous system: BRAIN
Ventricles:
lined cavities deep within the brain
filled with cerebrospinal fluid
Choroid plexus – rich network of blood vessels
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17. Structures of the central nervous system: Spinal Cord
Surrounded by the vertebrae, meninges, and cerebrospinal fluid 17

18. Structures of the central nervous system: Spinal Cord
Peripheral nervous system
12 cranial nerves
31 pairs of spinal nerves
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19. VIII. Vestibulocochlear IX. Glossopharyngeal X. Vagus XI. Accessory
I. Olfactory
II. Optic
III. Oculomotor
IV. Trochlear
V. Trigeminal
VI. Abducens
VII. Facial
VIII. Vestibulocochlear
IX. Glossopharyngeal
X. Vagus
XI. Accessory
XII. Hypoglossal
Cranial nerves
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20. Structures of the central nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
31 pairs of spinal nerves
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21. Structures of the central nervous system
Anterior View
Peripheral nervous system
12 cranial nerves
31 pairs of nervous
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Posterior
view 21

22. Structures of the central nervous system
Motor system
Autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Somatic nervous system

23. Structures of the central nervous system Autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Extends from the base of the brain, along both sides of the spinal column
These nerves connect to all internal organs
Parasympathetic nervous system
The vagus nerve connects the medulla with organs of the upper body
The pelvic nerve emerges from the spinal cord and connects with the organs of the lower body 23

24. Structures of the central nervous system Somatic nervous system
These nerves are located along the spinal cord.
Connect skeleton, muscles and joints to the brain.

25. Structures of the central nervous system
Check your knowledge…
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26. Structures of the nervous system
Remember this!
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27. Essential question What are the structures of the nervous system?
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