1. LONDON Major historical Events
Mgr. Naďa Bisová

2. ANOTACE Kód DUMu: VY_32_INOVACE_2.AJ.09
Číslo projektu: CZ.1.07/1.5.00/
Vytvořeno: prosinec 2012
Ročník: 3. ročník a 4. ročník – čtyřleté gymnázium (RVP-G)
Septima a Oktáva – osmileté gymnázium (RVP-G)
Anotace:
Tento materiál by vytvořen jako téma pro maturitní okruh: The United Kingdom na Gymnáziu a JŠ Svitavy; přibližně na jednu, popřípadě více vyučovacích hodin (pro výklad i opakování – shrnutí učiva). Obsahuje jednak přehled faktografických údajů, tak i anglickou ustálenou terminologii, doplněné o interaktivní cvičení: kvízy, a dále interaktivní cvičení, videa atd. – viz poznámky. Je primárně zaměřen na dva poslední ročníky gymnázia, i přesto se dá využít i v nižších ročnících osmiletého i čtyřletého studia vcelku nebo jeho jednotlivé části.
Pomůcky: interaktivní tabule
Vzdělávací oblast
Jazyk a jazyková komunikace
Vzdělávací obor
Anglický jazyk
Tematický okruh
The United Kingdom

3. ROMAN LONDON the beginnings of London
the invasion of the Romans (soldiers) in 43AD
Londinium
quickly became important as a trading centre
a defensive wall was built around the city
the fall of the Roman Empire around AD 410
About the year 200 AD a defensive wall was built around the city, the area within the wall is now "the City", London's famous financial district.

4. ANGLO-SAXON LONDON the Romans withdrew » decline, little known
new settlers „the Anglo-Saxons“
farmers, villages, today London´s suburbs e.g. Fulham
Alfred the Great captured London (had been part of Mercia)
by the 9th century – a very prosperous trading centre (not the capital)
Edward the Confessor, Westminster Abbey
a royal palace at Westminster
After the Romans left, the city of London fell into a decline.
Little is known about the city until the Saxons (settlers from the German regions of Angeln and Saxony)
- The Anglo-Saxon period lasted for 600 years, from 410 to 1066.
By the ninth century, the country was divided into four kingdoms - Northumbria, Mercia, East Anglia and Wessex.
The Anglo-Saxons also brought their own religious beliefs, but the arrival of Saint Augustine in 597 converted most of the country to Christianity.
Alfred became king in AD 871 (the Great), Alfred's capital was Winchester.
Edward the Confessor re-founded the abbey at Westminster, and moved his court there (died in 1065)
The early history of the Palace of Westminster from the 11th century to the fire of 1834

5. MEDIEVAL LONDON 1066 (the Battle of Hastings)
William the Conqueror crowned king of England at Westminster Abbey
castle – „the Tower of London“ (royal residence)
1189 – first mayor of London
old St. Paul´s cathedral
the Temple Church
the Black Death
The Norman invasion, the Battle of Hastings (14 October 1066), the Duke of Normandy, the Normans won, Harold was killed.
Medieval London was a maze of twisting streets and lanes.
Most of the houses were half-timbered. The threat of fire and plague was constant.
Lawyers settled at the Temple and along Fleet Street.
The Black Death (1348-9) carried off a third of the population.

6. TUDOR LONDON the largest city in western Europe, wooden city
centre of the English cultural renaissance
an international exchange founded (the Royal Exchange in 1560)
the Globe theatre
a) photo
b) video
Lambeth Palace
Hampton Court Palace
London under the Tudors was a prosperous, bustling city.
many areas that are now London parks were used as Royal hunting forests
The Royal Exchange – the centre of commerce for the city
Globe Theatre – Shakespeare
Lambeth Palace, on the south bank of the River Thames opposite Parliament, has been a historic London residence of Archbishops of Canterbury since the 13th century.
Henry VIII, Elizabeth I

7. STUART LONDON James I Gunpowder Plot Charles I
Inigo Jones: Covent Garden piazza (1632)
„the Great Plague“,
Great Fire
the Monument
Christopher Wren and St Paul´s Cathedral
the accession of King James VI of Scotland to the English throne, Until 1603 the English and Scottish Crowns were separate
Catholic conspirators planned to blow up the Houses of Parliament when they opened on November 5, 1605, hoping to kill the new king, James I.
Inigo Jones : Covent Garden piazza (1632), Queen's House (Greenwich), Banqueting Hall (Whitehall)
In 1637 Charles I opened the royal reserve of Hyde Park to the public (the first)
The City helped finance the Parliamentary war efforts in the English Civil War
The execution of King Charles on the 30th January 1649
Oliver Cronwell and Comonthwealth (died 1658)
in 1660 the monarchy was restored under Charles II
On Charles II's death on 6th February 1685, King James II came to the throne
The inability of James II to work with Parliament + his reckless Catholic appointments >both the political and religious spheres of the monarchy under fire again
Prince William III and Queen Mary II (1689 – 1702)

8. VICTORIAN LONDON
1714 – 1837: George I, George II, George III, George IV, William IV (The Hanoverians)
Victoria (1837 – 1901)
1829: the Metropolitan Police Force
1834 – the medieval Palace of Westminster destroyed by fire, Big Ben
1840: construction of the new Palace of Westminster
1837: Buckingham Palace
1839: Nelson´s column + massive lions
1851: the Crystal Palace in Hyde Park and the Great Exhibition
the Hanoverian period was remarkably stable
from 1714 through to 1837, there were only five monarchs (George I, George II, George III, George IV, William IV)
Britain's first 'Prime' Minister, Robert Walpole, dates from this period
the loss of the American colonies
By the end of the Hanoverian period, the British Empire covered a third of the globe.
1829: Sir Robert Peel set up an organised police service in London
1937: On William IV's death in 1837, she became Queen at the age of 18.
Buckingham Palace = the official London residence of Britain's sovereigns since 1837, today = the administrative headquarters of the Monarch
Nelson´s column: 170f above Trafalgar Square, 18ft sandstone statue of Lord Nelson
1851: an idea by Queen Victoria's husband (Prince Albert) to display the wonders of industry and manufacturing from around the modern world, rebuilt after the exhibition, destroyed by fire 1936
Construction of the new Palace of Westminster began: virtual tours:

9. VICTORIAN LONDON 1861: the Crimean War Memorial unveiled
1863 – the world´s first underground railway opened
1871: the Royal Albert Hall
The Victoria and Albert Museum of Fine and Applied Arts
1881: the Natural History Museum
the Albert Memorial in Kensington Gardens
1897: the Diamond Jubilee (great displays and public ceremonies)
1901: the death of Queen Victoria
1854: the Crimean War broke out, the reports of the sufferings of the sick and wounded in the English camps created anger in Britain, Florence Nightingale (the Lady with the Lamp) more on: interactive part: Game
London Underground was formed in 1985, but its history dates back to 1863 when the world's first underground railway opened
the death of Prince Albert in 1861 (at the age of 42, typhoid fever)
The Royal Albert Hall: South Kensington, opened by Queen Victoria 1871, every year - concerts, rock and pop, ballet and opera, sports, award ceremonies, school and community events, charity performances and banquets
Victoria and Albert Museum (the world’s greatest museum of art and design) + National Art Library, located at Cromwell Road
The Albert Memorial: Officially titled the Prince Consort National Memorial, it celebrates Victorian achievement and Prince Albert's passions and interests, Opened in 1872, with the statue of Albert ceremonially "seated" in 1875
Queen Victoria: Both the Golden (1887) and the Diamond (1897) Jubilees, held to celebrate the 50th and 60th anniversaries of the queen's accession, marked with great displays and public ceremonies
Victoria died 22 January 1901 after a reign which lasted almost 64 years, the longest in British history

10. 20th CENTURY LONDON 1904: the first motor bus service
1905: Harrod´s new Knightsbridge store
1906: first underground electric train
1908: the Olympic Games
1910: Admiralty Arch
1911: Queen Victoria Memorial
1915: first Zeppelin bombs fell in London
1938: large numbers of children moved out
1940: the Blitz
Harrod´s: The Knightsbridge store was established in 1849 by Charles Henry Harrod, became a public company in 1889, 1985 the store bought by Mr Al Fayed (with his brother), 2010 Mohammed Al Fayed to the Qatari royal family, current design after a fire in 1880
The 1908 Summer Olympics (the Games of the IV Olympiad) = the fourth modern Olympic Games, and the third to be hosted outside of Athens, Greece
Admiralty Arch was designed in 1910 by Sir Aston Webb (who also worked on Buckingham Palace and the Victoria and Albert Museum)
- Queen Victoria Memorial: designed by Sir Aston Webb, sculpted by Sir Thomas Brock, built in honor of Queen Victoria, who reigned for almost 64 years
1938: the threat of Germany, large numbers of children were moved out of London to the surrounding countryside
the Blitz: the dark days of 1940, over a third of the City destroyed by German bombs, and the London Docks largely demolished

11. 20th CENTURY LONDON 1946: Heathrow airport – commercial flights
1948: the Olympic Games
2nd June 1953: The Coronation, Princess Elizabeth > Her Majesty the Queen
1956: first double-decker red buses
1965: 32 London Boroughs established
1966: Notting Hill Carnival
December 31, 1999: the London Eye
January 1, 2000: the Millennium Dome opened
The 1948 Summer Olympics, the first to be held after WWII, Germany and Japan were not invited to the games due to security reasons
2nd June 1953: The Coronation, Westminster Abbey, Princess Elizabeth > Her Majesty the Queen, The ceremony was also broadcast on radio around the world and, at The Queen's request, on television for the first time.
Notting Hill Carnival: annual event, on the streets of Notting Hill, Kensington and Chelsea boroughs, 3 days in August
The London Eye: giant wheel,

12. 21st CENTURY LONDON the world capital
July 7th, 2005: a series of terrorist attacks
July 21st, 2005: four more attempted bombings took place
2012: the Diamond Jubilee year
A) marking 60 years of The Queen’s reign (video)
B) central weekend: 2nd–5th June 2012
C) Sunday 3 June, 2012
- The Big Jubilee Lunch, The Thames Diamond
Jubilee Pageant
D) Monday 4 June, 2012
- BBC Concert at Buckingham Palace (photos)
7th July 2005, a series of bomb blasts in the heart of London killed 52 people and injured more than 700
Her Majesty and His Royal Highness, supported by other Members of the Royal Family, travelling across England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland
plus overseas visits by Members of the Royal Family
2012: The Clock Tower was renamed the Elizabeth Tower to honour Queen Elizabeth's Diamond Jubilee
Events calendar:
Worksheets + powerpoints:

13. 21st CENTURY LONDON the 2012 London Olympic Games
from 27 July to 12 August 2012
for the third time in its history
„Inspire a Generation“
Opening ceremony: photos
Video: Closing ceremony
Closing ceremony: photos
the Paralympics (29 August – 9 September 2012)
Interactive activities:
Official page:
History of OG:
History of Paralympics:
Profiles of Paralympics GB athletes:
Interactive activities:
BBC resource:

14. What time period do these sights belong to?
The Globe Theatre
Lambeth Palace
Tudor London 1.

15. What time period do these events, people and sights belong to?
soldiers
Londinium
defensive wall around the city
Roman London

16. What time period do these events belong to?
Terrorist attacks
Diamond Jubilee
Summer Olympic Games
21st century London 2.

17. What time period do these people and sights belong to?
Alfred the Great
Edward the Confessor
Westminster Abbey
Westminster Palace
Anglo-Saxon London 3.

18. What time period do these events or sights belong to?
Gunpowder Plot
Great Fire
The Monument
St Paul´s Cathedral
Stuart London 4.

19. What time period do these events or sights belong to?
new Palace of Westminster
Buckingham Palace
Nelson´s Column
Royal Albert Hall
Crimean War
Memorial
Natural History Museum, etc. 5.
Victorian London

20. What time period do these events or sights belong to?
motor bus service
underground electric
tram
Queen Victoria Memorial
The Blitz
The Coronation
London Eye
Millennium Dome, etc. 6.
20th century London

21. What time period do these events or sights belong to?
the Battle of Hastings
The Tower of London
first mayor
Old St Paul´s cathedral
the Temple church
the Black Death
Photo: the Royal Court of Justice
Medieval London 7.

22. What time period do these people belong to?
Elizabeth II
Elizabeth I
William I (Conqueror)
James I
Florence Nightingale
Admiral Nelson
Christopher Wren
Edward the Confessor
Queen Victoria
Henry VIII
21st century London
Tudor London
Medieval London
Stuart London
Victorian London
Anglo-Saxon London

23. FOTOGALERIE:
Bisová Naďa (vlastní galerie autora)
GONZOLITO. Wikimedia Commons: London_Bridge_with_Olympic_rings_2012 [online]. [cit ]. Dostupný pod licencí CC-BY-SA-3.0 na WWW:
Kovářová Jana (se souhlasem autora)
Šmídová Zdislava (se souhlasem autora)
Veškeré hypertextové odkazy jsou platné ke dni vytvoření díla.

24. ELEKTRONICKÉ ZDROJE:
AUTOR NEUVEDEN. Britain Express: Tudor London [online]. [cit ]. Dostupný na WWW:
AUTOR NEUVEDEN. History of the Parliamentary estate [online]. [cit ]. Dostupný na WWW:
JOHNSON, Margaret. Britannia: Stuart London [online]. [cit ]. Dostupný na WWW:

25. AUTOR NEUVEDEN. The British Monarchy: History of the Monarchy [online]
AUTOR NEUVEDEN. The British Monarchy: History of the Monarchy [online]. [cit ]. Dostupný na WWW:
AUTOR NEUVEDEN. BBC: Primary History - Famous People: Florence Nightingale [online]. [cit ]. Dostupný na WWW:
AUTOR NEUVEDEN. BBC: CBBC: Guides: London bombings [online]. [cit ]. Dostupný na WWW: