1. Feudalism

2. Feudal System Based on ties of loyalty
Lords granted land to vassals in exchange for military service
Fief- land granted to a vassal

4. France Phillip II – first king of France
Louis IX – only canonized king of France

5. England
Anglo-Saxons: formed several independent kingdoms in England

6. England William the Conqueror Set up a centralized government
1066 Battle of Hastings
Brought feudalism to England
Set up a centralized government
Domesday Book: accurate records of tax system

7. England
Henry II
Most remembered for the development of an early jury system
Eleanor of Aquitaine: put French lands into English hands when she married Henry II
Wanted to try clergy in court
Thomas Becket: declared a saint after being murdered by Henry II’s knights

8. England Successors Richard the Lionhearted King John 3 enemies
King Phillip II of France
Pope Innocent III
His nobles
Magna Carta 1215
1. Asserted that the monarch must obey the law

9. Learning Muslims set off a revolution of learning
Thomas Aquinas- Christian scholar who used reason to examine Christian teaching- “Summa Theologica”
Geoffrey Chaucer- wrote the Canterbury Tales

10. Art & Architecture Romanesque short, thick walls
no windows or slits (dark & gloomy)
barreled vault
Barreled vault

11. Art & Architecture Gothic Flying buttresses Tympanum Gargoyles
A= Flying buttress
Gargoyle

12. Art & Architecture
Ribbed and fanned vault
Fanned Gothic Vault