1. Range of Motion

2. What is it
The complete extent of movement which a joint is capable of Used when doing routine activities such as bathing, eating, and dressing; uses ms. that keep many joints in effective range of motion

3. Purpose of Range of Motion
To prevent problems caused by a lack of movement
To prevent problems caused by inactivity
Contractures: the tightening and shortening of a ms.: for example foot drop
Muscles may atrophy when they are not used
Joints become stiff
Blood clots and decubitus ulcers may develop

4. Types of ROM
Active Range of Motion (AROM)- those movements performed by the patient without help
Passive Range of Motion (PROM)- a movement cannot be performed by the patient and the health care worker moves each joint through its range of motion.
Active Assistive Range of Motion (AAROM)- the patient does the exercises with some assistance from another person

5. Rules for ROM
Use good body mechanics; raise the bed to your waist level if the patient is in bed
Expose only the body part being exercised
Explain to the patient what you are going to do, and teach the patient how to do it.
Support the extremity being exercised (place hands under the extremity, supporting the joint above and the joint below the one you are exercising
Move each joint until there is resistance but not pain.
Move each joint slowly, smoothly and gently
Return the joint to a neutral position after the movement
Keep friction to a minimum
Repeat ea exercise 3-5 times

6. Joint Movement Abduction-moving a body part away from the midline
Adduction- moving a body part toward the midline
Flexion-bending a body part
Extension-straightening a body part
Rotation- moving in a circle
Pronation- turning a body part downward
Supination- turning a body part upward

7. Joint Movement Cont… Inversion- turning a body part inward
Eversion-turning a body part outward
Dorsiflexion-bending backward
Plantar Flexion bending forward
Radial Deviation- moving toward the thumb side
Ulnar deviation- moving toward the little finger side
Opposition- touch ea finger to the thumb