1. Europe during Second World War
Review for years

2. SWW, Stage 2 Western Offensive, May 1940
Battle for Britain: A turning point?
Italy’s parallel war (October, 1940): Mussolini an asset or liability?
Balkan conflict (April, 1941): What is the significance of this phase of the war?
North African campaign,

3. Stage 2, cont.
Britain stands alone: Battle of Britain (a turning point?)
US/British relations up to Lend-lease Agreement, March, 1941.
Operation Barbarossa, June, 1941: What was it and how did it change the course of the war?

4. The “Inner War”
Internal developments: Creating (colonizing) a “New Europe” (e.g., Vichy France, Occupied former Yugoslavia, etc.)
Life behind the lines: Women at War; importance of industrial productivity.
The Holocaust and crimes against humanity.
Role of resistance movements and intelligence (Enigma, Ultra, SOE).

5. Turning points 1941 -- U.S. enters the war
Battle of Stalingrad (Kursk, etc.)
North African campaign/Italy defeated.
Opening a second front: Invasion of Italy, July, Operation Overlord (June, 1944) and Bagration (June, 1944).

6. Politics of War
War-time conferences (Casablanca, Teheran, Yalta, Moscow meeting 1944)
Events: Warsaw uprising of 1944.
Manhattan project
Role of personalities: Hitler, Mussolini, Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin, etc.
Moral issues raised by war: Crimes against humanity, bombing missions, etc.

7. End of War
Defeating Germany: Significance of final battles (Arnhem,September, 1944; Bulge, December, January, 1945; Berlin, April, 1945)
Europe transformed: origins of Cold War