1. Chapter 30
Exercise and Activity

2. Key terms Abduction Adduction Ambulation Dorsiflexion Extension
Plantar flexion
Pronation
Range of motion (ROM)
Supination

3. Bedrest Reduce physical activity Reduce pain Encourage rest
Regain strength
Promote healing

4. Complications Pneumonia Blood clots Contractures Atrophy
Orthostatic hypotension
Syncope

5. Positioning Body alignment
Supportive devices to support and maintain the person in a certain position
Bed boards
Footboards
Trochanter rolls
Hip abduction wedges

6. Other devices
See p. 516

7. Exercise Helps prevent contracture Muscle atrophy
Other complications of bedrest

8. Range-of-Motion Exercises
The movement of a joint to the extent possible without causing pain of that joint
Involves moving the joints through their complete range of motion pg
Usually done 2 times a day
Active ROMs-are done by the person
Passive ROMs-someone else does them

9. Performing Range-of-Motion Exercises
Exercise only the joints the nurse tells you to exercise
Expose only the part being exercised
Use good body mechanics
Support the part being exercised
Move the joint slowly, smoothly & gently
Do not force a joint beyond its present range of motion,or to the point of pain.

10. Cont. ROMs
Nursing Assistants DO NOT do exercises to the neck. In some agencies only physical or occupational therapists do neck exercise.
Your clinical instructors will demonstrate how to perform ROMs.
Refer to handout in folder

11. Ambulation
See p
When assisting with ambulation we grasp the gait belt and stand slightly behind and to the side of the person.
If they have a weak side, staff supports on the weak side.

12. Walking aids
Canes are used for weakness on one side of the body. They provide balance and support.
The cane is held on the strong side of the body.
There are four-point canes, they give more support than a single-tip canes, but they are harder to move. (fig , 25, 26)

13. Walkers Is a four-point walking aid
A walker gives more support than a single-tip cane, four-point cane, or brace.

14. Orthotic Devices See page 528 fig 30-36, 37
This type of brace is common after a stroke
Ankle-foot orthosis is applied over the foot and ankle then the foot is inserted into the shoe.
The AFO is secured in place with velcro strap
You must always check for skin breakdown