1. Nomenclature of Aldehydes & Ketones:
IUPAC Rules
Functional Group Suffix if highest priority group As a substituent
CO2H carboxylic acid -oic acid -carboxy-
CO2R ester -oate -alkoxycarbonyl-
CO2NR2 amide -amide -carbamoyl-
CHO aldehyde -al -oxo-
CRO ketone -one -oxo-
OH alcohol -ol -hydroxy-
NR2 amine -amine -amino-
SH thiol -thiol -mercapto-

2. Nomenclature of Aldehydes: IUPAC
1. Find the longest chain to contain CHO group; this is the parent chain.
2. This parent chain’s name ends in ‘al’ - the suffix. E.g., take
alkane and convert to alkanal.
3. Number the parent chain such that the C=O carbon gets the #1 designation.
4. Give name; be sure to list substituents alphabetically and to give their
location; these are the prefixes. Remember that sec-, tert-, o-, m-, p-,
di-, tri-, tetra- are not considered when alphabetizing, but iso is.
Name the following:

3. Nomenclature of Ketones: IUPAC
B. Ketones
1. The parent chain contains the C=O carbon; this is the parent chain.
2. This parent chain’s name ends in ‘one’ - the suffix. E.g., take
alkane and convert to alkanone.
3. Number the parent chain such that the C=O carbon gets the lowest # possible.
4. When naming, give the location of the C=O carbon in the parent name.
5. Give name; be sure to list the parent chain substituents alphabetically and to
give their location; these are the prefixes. Remember that sec-, tert-, o-, m-, p-,
di-, tri-, tetra- are not considered when alphabetizing, but iso is.
Name the following:

4. Nomenclature of Aldehydes & Ketones
Name the following using IUPAC rules: