1. Understanding two and three year olds
Ms. Perez

2. Bell ringer
Which of these drawings was made by a two year old?

3. Physical Development of a two year old
Top heavy
Center of gravity is focused downwards
Can usually run and jump without falling

4. Gross motor development of two year olds
Can sit on a riding toy and push by moving their feet
Enjoying playing with balls
Can kick without falling
Sometimes they fall when they throw them

5. Fine motor development
Hand preference is a new concept
Will eat with right but play with left
Rapidly developing
Can insert keys into locks
Turn book pages one at a time

6. Fine motor development
Children will scribble at this age
Build about six-seven block tall towers

7. Self Help Skills Can drink from a cup or a glass
Use spoon to feed themselves
However they may spill often
Can revert back to using hands
Begin to cooperate in dressing
Snap pants okay

8. Cognitive Development
Language comprehension
Understanding of language
Can usually identify six body parts
Can provide appropriate answers to yes and no questions
Can answer “where” and “what is this” questions

9. Cognitive Development
Expressive language
Ability to produce language forms
Express thoughts to another
Speech usually involves simple sentences
“Bobby hurt”
“I go home”

10. At your table create an example of expressive language a two year old would say.

11. How to aid in expressive language
Feeding in
Strategy where you provide the child’s language
“You are playing with the blocks”
Kind of like narrating their life

12. How to aid in expressive language
Expansion
Adding to their vocabulary by reframing what they say
If they say “cars” you say “that is a blue car”

13. At your table create an example using expansion

14. Expressive language
Around months children may start to use prepositions “Cookies in jar”
Average vocabulary is words
Often they use words without fully understanding them
Girls generally develop language skills faster then boys

15.
What else was this parent doing??

16. Math Readiness Skills
Developed as children interact with each other and objects
Begin to sort by color and shape
Understand size concepts
“big vs. small”

17. Social development of a two year old
parallel play
Play next to each other
Like instant gratification
What does that mean?

18. Physical in their responses
May hit, push, or bite a child who approaches their child
Possessive
Use body language to let people know how they feel about their possessions
What is being demonstrated during this video?

19. Affectionate towards adults Enjoying helping adults
Need to receive in return
Enjoying helping adults

20. Emotional development of two year olds
Like to control their surroundings
Trying to do a task that is to difficult may frustrate them and cause anger
Anger not usually directed at one person or object

21. Often are scared of getting hurt
Fear is common
Often are scared of getting hurt
Some fear has to do with their imagination
Even imagined fears are REAL to toddlers

22. Need to build trust and security
Routines help develop this

23. Teaching two-year olds
When guiding be firm but gentle
“No” is their favorite word
May say “no” but mean “yes”
They are egocentric
They think everyone thinks, feels, and thinks like them

24. Need lots of transition time
High noise levels
Gross motor activity is their favorite

25. Like to act out of life experience or imitating
What area of pre-school is best for this?

26. Routines are important
Story time daily

27. Watch
“Not-so-terrible-twos”

28. Bell ringer: Put these three year old milestones in order:
Hold crayon between thumb and finger
Magical Thinking occurs
Imaginary friend
Aware of differences between themselves and others

29. Imaginary friend 3 years
Aware of differences between
themselves and others 3 1/4 years
Magical Thinking occurs 3 1/2 years
Hold crayon between thumb and finger
3 3/4 years

30. Three Year Olds Physical Development Much better at body coordination
Less top heavy
The are more streamlined
Walking appears more natural because they can walk without their legs spread apart

31. Gross Motor Development
Better coordination
They can throw, jump, and hop without any difficulty
They now can climb
Can ride tricycles

32. Fine Motor Development
Block towers are nine to ten blocks high
Can draw simple shapes
Demo
Cutting skills become more refined
Can cut across paper, but not follow lines

33. Self help skills Turn on water facet by themselves
Can transfer water to a pitcher
MOST should be potty trained
Better at dressing themselves
Open buckles, put on shoes that do not tie
Still not able to do small buttons and hooks
Have issues telling the front of clothing from the back

34. Cognitive Development
Don’t fully understand time concepts
Solve simple problems
Ex. Put an object under a cup and nothing under another cup the child will be able to tell you which object the cup is under

35. Language comprehension skills
Begin to understand pronouns
You, they
Can remember three part instructions
Go to the bathroom, wash your hands, and dry them on the towel

36. Understand words like up, down, apart,
Who, whose, why, how
-Understand ideas like around, in front of, in back of, next to

37. Construct a sentence using the vocabulary words that three year olds would understand

38. Expressive language skills
Know 900 words
Make a sentence of 4-5 words
May even put a sentence together using a conjunction
“I went to the store and bought candy.”

39. Create a sentence that a three year old would say using a conjugation

40. Understand possessive nouns
My toy, Mommy’s car
Understand the difference between past and present tense
Daddy walked, Mommy went,

41. Start to question things
Understand negatives
Can’t, don’t, nothing
I can’t go outside
Start to question things
Why does the dog bark

42. Constantly talk out loud to themselves
“Susie is taking a walk, I see a dog, I am tired, lets go home”
Narrate their lives

43. Math readiness skills Counting skills begin at this age
A lot of the songs have to do with counting
Understand the concept of full, more, less then, empty, largest (by month 42)
Like to compare objects asking if things are bigger or smaller

44. Can distinguish between one and many
Pick out one piece of candy

45. Social Development Like to help others
Learning positive ways to get attention
Adjust to new people more easily
Not as possessive

46. Start to learn gender roles
What behavior is expected of boys and girls

47. Emotional development
Strong and visible emotions
When they are happy, you can tell
When they are upset you can tell
However they are beginning to understand ways to control emotions
Won’t hit as music as two-year olds, will use words to tell them that is their toy or to stop it

48. Self concept is developed Affectionate and seek affection in return
Still scared of imagined fears, not scared of things they know
The dark
Likely to become angry when things do not go their way
However they direct their anger at objects, not people

49. Teaching three-year olds
Happy, social agreeable
Easy to please
Enjoy playing alone and with others
Becoming independent “I can do it”
Need to show them you value their independence

50. Create a venn diagram of two and three year old’s
Include at least five things that are different about each age
Include at least four things that are similar
This is an individual assignment

51. When done, discuss similarities and differences at your table.

52. At your table come up with a scenario describing a way a two year olds would act in pre-school and the way a three year old would act
We will share and guess which is which as a class.

53. Example:
Jeremy get’s angry when Ladonna is playing with a toy, he walks over and grabs the toy from her. Is Jeremy two or three?
Which category of development does this fall under?

54. Example:
Cindy is done with her art project, she walks over to the sink to turn it on and wash her hands. Is Cindy two or three?
What area of development does this fall under?