1. Developing a Business Plan
Written by
Annette Dunlap
Extension Associate
Value-Added & Alternative Agriculture
NC State University
Raleigh, NC

2. Business Plan Outline Executive Summary Mission/Vision Statement
Goals and Objectives
Situational Analysis
Marketing plan
Financial plan
Management plan
Contingency Plan
Supporting documents
Next Step Resources

3. Purpose of a business plan
Provide a road map for the direction of your business
Secure funding (loans, venture capital)
Outline operating steps
Educate employees

4. Executive Summary
Briefly describe the purpose of your business, your target market, your anticipated start date (or when you started) and a summary of your objectives
The purpose of the Executive Summary is to give the reader a quick overview of what to expect when he/she reads the full business plan

5. Mission/Vision Statement
The mission statement identifies your business’ reason for being.
Think of the “Yellow Pages” listing of your business - then explain in 25 to 50 words why your business falls into that category

6. Goals or Objectives
Identify your goals for the calendar (or fiscal) year, such as:
Total increase in number of customers
Projected sales dollars
Projected growth into new geographic markets
Projected addition of new products/services

7. External Market Assessment
Internal Analysis:
Strengths and weaknesses of management, operations, labor pool
External Analysis:
Perceived market opportunities
Perceived market threats

8. Marketing Plan Your target market Product/Service Pricing Strategy
demographics
geographic coverage
psychographics
projected target growth
Product/Service
Pricing Strategy
Location or logistics
Promotional Strategy

9. Financial Plan
Plan for initial funding (loans, savings, family investors)
Start-up costs
Multi-year projected growth (by customers or by dollar volume)
Multi-year projected income statement
Multi-year projected budget
Break-even analysis

10. Management Plan Education of owners/operators Previous experience
Strengths and weaknesses of management team

11. Contingency Plan Criteria for exit:
Total dollar value of loss that can be sustained
Required date to break even
Available operating capital before business must be closed
The truth of business operations is that 4 out of 5 new businesses fail within the first five years!

12. Supporting Documents Resumes of all owners/managers
Copy of proposed lease or purchase agreement for land and/or equipment
Copy of licenses or other legal documents
Reports from consultants
Copies of market research data

13. Next Steps Resources More detailed information can be found at:
F-909web.pdf
armbusplan.htm
busplan.html

14. Special Note from the Series’ Author
There are business plans available for purchase. However, it has been the experience of the writer of this Fact Sheet that these “for pay” plans generally do not offer additional assistance beyond what can be obtained free of charge.