1. Welcome to the IMC Club Meeting
Safety and Proficiency through Education and Experience

2. Today’s Quiz of the Month
To circle or not to circle?

3. Presentation Today’s discussion is based on a presentation submitted
by Karen Kalishek
Green Bay, WI EAA/IMC Club Leader
Presentation

4. On any circling approach, you're guaranteed at least ____ feet of obstacle clearance within the protected area
Circle to land
200
300
500
1000

5. On any circling approach, you're guaranteed at least ____ feet of obstacle clearance within the protected area
Circle to land
200
300
500
1000

6. The protected area has been expanded with approaches developed or revised after ______
Circle to land
1978
2005
2012
2016

7. The protected area has been expanded with approaches developed or revised after ______
Circle to land
1978
2005
2012
2016

8. The shape of the protected area on older or unrevised approaches is similar to ______
Circle to land
an egg
a circle
a square
a rectangle

9. The shape of the protected area on older or unrevised approaches is similar to a circle
Circle to land
an egg
a circle
a square
a rectangle

10. Fixed-radius distances were used to determine the protected area
The shape of the protected area on older or unrevised approaches is similar to a circle
Circle to land
Fixed-radius distances were used to determine the protected area

11. The shape of the protected area on new or revised approaches is similar to ______
Circle to land
an egg
a circle
a square
a rectangle

12. The shape of the protected area on new or revised approaches is similar to ______
Circle to land
an egg
a circle
a square
a rectangle

13. The shape of the protected area on new or revised approaches is similar to an egg
Circle to land
The protected areas for circling approaches now use a connection of arcs from the end of each runway

14. The shape of the protected area on new or revised approaches is similar to an egg
Circle to land

15. What are the circling minimums for Categories A, B, C on the older or unrevised approaches?
Circle to land
1.1, 1.3, 1.5 statute miles
1.1, 1.3, 1.5 nautical miles
1.3, 1.5, 1.7 statute miles
1.3, 1.5, 1.7 nautical miles

16. What are the circling minimums for Categories A, B, C on the older or unrevised approaches?
Circle to land
1.1, 1.3, 1.5 statute miles
1.1, 1.3, 1.5 nautical miles
1.3, 1.5, 1.7 statute miles
1.3, 1.5, 1.7 nautical miles

17. What do the new circling minimums take into consideration?
Circle to land
bank angle limits
higher true airspeed at high altitude airports
impact of wind on a circle
all of the above

18. What do the new circling minimums take into consideration?
Circle to land
bank angle limits
higher true airspeed at high altitude airports
impact of wind on a circle
all of the above

19. What do the new circling minimums take into consideration?
Circle to land
Protected areas now account for the impact of wind on a circle, bank angle limits, and higher true airspeeds at high altitude airports. Overall they provide a higher margin of safety.

20. What do the new circling minimums take into consideration?
Circle to land

21. How much additional circling area would the new circling minimums allow for KOWD’s LOC-35 approach in a Category B aircraft?
Circle to land
none
0.1 NM
0.2 NM
0.5 NM

22. How much additional circling area would the new circling minimums allow for KOWD’s LOC-35 approach in a Category B aircraft?
Circle to land

23. How much additional circling area would the new circling minimums allow for KOWD’s LOC-35 approach in a Category B aircraft?
Circle to land

24. How much additional circling area would the new circling minimums allow for KOWD’s LOC-35 approach in a Category B aircraft?
Circle to land
none
0.1 NM
0.2 NM
0.5 NM

25. How is it possible to determine whether an approach with circling minimums uses the “new” versus “old” circling minimums?
Circle to land
It is listed in the airport NOTAMS – best to check them!
All circling approaches now automatically apply the new minimums
The circling minimums show a black box with a "C" in the middle
The approach chart states in the notes whether circling applies the new minimums

26. How is it possible to determine whether an approach with circling minimums uses the “new” versus “old” circling minimums?
Circle to land
It is listed in the airport NOTAMS – best to check them!
All circling approaches now automatically apply the new minimums
The circling minimums show a black box with a "C" in the middle
The approach chart states in the notes whether circling applies the new minimums

27. How is it possible to determine whether an approach with circling minimums uses the “new” versus “old” circling minimums?
Circle to land

28. Circle to land

29. When can you descend below minimums on a circling approach?
Circle to land
As soon as the runway is in view
After reaching the missed approach point and confirming that the runway is in sight
When the three requirements to descend below minimums have been met

30. When can you descend below minimums on a circling approach?
Circle to land
As soon as the runway is in view
After reaching the missed approach point and confirming that the runway is in sight
When the three requirements to descend below minimums have been met

31. What are the three requirements to descend below minimums?
Circle to land
Being cleared to land
Having at least one of the required visual references in sight (e.g. runway environment)
Having required flight visibility
Being aligned with the final approach course
Being continuously in a position that allows for a normal rate of descent using normal maneuvers to a landing on the intended runway

32. What are the three requirements to descend below minimums?
Circle to land
Being cleared to land
Having at least one of the required visual references in sight (e.g. runway environment)
Having required flight visibility
Being aligned with the final approach course
Being continuously in a position that allows for a normal rate of descent using normal maneuvers to a landing on the intended runway

33. What are the three requirements to descend below minimums?
Circle to land
Being cleared to land
Having at least one of the required visual references in sight (e.g. runway environment)
Having required flight visibility
Being aligned with the final approach course
Being continuously in a position that allows for a normal rate of descent using normal maneuvers to a landing on the intended runway

34. What are the three requirements to descend below minimums?
Circle to land
Being cleared to land
Having at least one of the required visual references in sight (e.g. runway environment)
Having required flight visibility
Being aligned with the final approach course
Being continuously in a position that allows for a normal rate of descent using normal maneuvers to a landing on the intended runway

35. Do the three requirements only apply to circling approaches?
Circle to land
Yes
No – they apply to all approaches
It depends on the approach being flown

36. Do the three requirements only apply to circling approaches?
Circle to land
Yes
No – they apply to all approaches
It depends on the approach being flown

37. Do the three requirements only apply to circling approaches?
Circle to land
When you are on an instrument approach, the FAR (14 CFR (c)(3)) state that you may descend below MDA or DH only if:
The aircraft is continuously in a position allowing for normal rate of descent to a landing on the intended runway;
The flight visibility is at or above the visibility required to complete the approach; and
At least one of the runway environment visual references for the intended runway is distinctly visible and identifiable to the pilot, or
The approach light system, except that you may not descend below 100 feet above the touchdown zone elevation using the approach lights as a reference unless the red terminating bars or the red side row bars are also distinctly visible and identifiable.

38. What Maximum angle of bank is recommended by AIM to use during a circling approach?
Circle to land
There is no guidance
40 degrees of bank
30 degrees of bank
standard rate turns

39. What Maximum angle of bank is recommended by AIM to use during a circling approach?
Circle to land
There is no guidance
40 degrees of bank
30 degrees of bank
standard rate turns

40. You are circling to land and lose sight of the runway – what do you do?
Circle to land
Fly the missed procedure by immediately leveling the wings and flying straight until reaching an altitude at which to turn towards the holding point
Descend immediately to regain visual contact with the runway
Make a climbing turn toward the landing runway until you are safely established on the missed approach course

41. You are circling to land and lose sight of the runway – what do you do?
Circle to land
Fly the missed procedure by immediately leveling the wings and flying straight until reaching an altitude at which to turn towards the holding point
Descend immediately to regain visual contact with the runway
Make a climbing turn toward the landing runway until you are safely established on the missed approach course

42. What are the two success parameters on the circling approach required for an instrument rating practical exam or IPC?
Circle to land
Descend and maintain the MDA +/ feet until reaching the MAP
Descend and maintain the MDA +100/- 0 feet until a descent to a normal landing can be made
Select a runway requiring at least a 60° change of direction from the final approach course
Select a runway requiring at least a 90° change of direction from the final approach course

43. What are the two success parameters on the circling approach required for an instrument rating practical exam or IPC?
Circle to land
Descend and maintain the MDA +/ feet until reaching the MAP
Descend and maintain the MDA +100/- 0 feet until a descent to a normal landing can be made
Select a runway requiring at least a 60° change of direction from the final approach course
Select a runway requiring at least a 90° change of direction from the final approach course

44. Circle to land
Thank you!