1. Classification
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
species

2. Phylum Protozoa top of page 45
“animal-like”
Simple, yet diverse
Eukaryotic
Unicellular
Shells made from calcium carbonate, which becomes an important part of marine sediments
Heterotrophic
Fresh/salt
Example: foraminiferans, radiolarians, ciliates

3. Phylum Porifera bottom of page 45
“Pore bearer”
Multicellular
Structurally simple
Animals
Sessile: attached to the bottom
Ostia: pores that allow water to enter and circulate, filter out plankton—filter feeders
Found from the poles to the tropics, mostly in shallow tropics
Examples: sponges

4. Phylum Coelenterata/Cnidaria
“stinging cells”
Phylum no longer recognized
Now known as Cnidaria
Animals
Multicellular
Evolutionally important because they have tissues that perform specific functions
Swim
Radial symmetry (same on all sides)
Carnivores
Discharge nematocysts to capture and handle food
Examples sea anemones, jelly fish, corals

5. Phylum Coelenterata/Cnidaria

6. Phylum Ctenophora “comb-bearing” Not jelly fish Animals multicellular
Do not have stinging tentacles
Use cilia to move
8 rows of cilia
Examples: comb jelly, sea gooseberry, venus girdle

7. Phylum Platyheilminthes
Flat worms
animals
Structurally simple
Bilateral symmetry (cut in ½ same on both sides)
Tissues organized into real organs and organ systems
Dorsoventrally flattened:
Flat on back and belly
Central nervous system
Simple brain
Carnivores/parasites
Examples: flukes, tape worms

8. Phylum Annelida Segmented worms Parapodia: stiff bristles Animals
Multicellular
Tube worms, earthworms

9. Phylum Mollusca Basic body plan but differ: “soft”
Octopuses lack shell
Squid and cuttlefish have internal shell
Clams, snails, cuttlefish octopuses, squid, chambered nautilus
“soft”
Largest group of marine animals
multicellular
Soft body, shell, radula (ribbon of small teeth used for feeding)

10. Phylum Mollusca

11. Phylum Arthropoda “Jointed appendages” Animals, multicellular
Most species
Segmented and bilateral
Exoskeleton
small
Made of chitin
Molt
Examples: crabs, shrimp lobster, barnacles, horse shoe crab

12. Phylum Echinodermata “Spiny skinned” Animals, mutlicellular
Pentamerous Radial symmetric
Symmetry based on 5 parts
Endoskeleton
regeneration
Examples: sea star, sea urchin, sea cucumber

13. Phylum Chordata Dorsal hollow nerve cord Gill slits Notocord
Fish, birds, reptiles, mammals
Classes
Cephalaspidomorphs (formerly Agnatha ) (lamprey)
Myxini (formerly Agnatha) (hagfish)
Chondrichthyes (sharks, rays, skates)
Osteichthyes (boney fish)
Amphibia (amphibians)
Reptilia (reptiles)
Aves (birds)
Mammalia (mammals)