1. Transcription and Translation Video Notes
Mingle
Transcription and Translation Video Notes
-share main points
-make sure all 3 of you share (start tallershorter student)

2. Announcements -Monday MC Quiz on S phase, Mitosis, Meiosis
-Study Guide Available Friday Afternoon
SHMOOP REVIEW
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Use the student magic word: CVUHSDROCKS

3. Assemble DNA (white), RNA (blue), and 2 Amino Acids (pink)
DNA RNA Amino Acids

4. Make observations on each molecule
Similarities Differences

5. DNA vs. RNA DNA RNA deoxyribose sugar nitrogen bases double stranded
G, C, A, T
T : A
C : G
double stranded
RNA
ribose sugar
nitrogen bases
G, C, A, U
U : A
C : G
single stranded

8. Amino acids

9. Structures of a protein

10. Protein Synthesis Making Proteins

11. DNA  Proteins  Cells  Bodies
DNA has the information to build proteins
genes
proteins
cells
DNA gets all the glory, Proteins do all the work
bodies

12. How do proteins do all the work
proteins run living organisms
enzymes
control all chemical reactions in living organisms
structure
all living organisms are built out of proteins

13. Cell organization DNA DNA is in the nucleus
genes = instructions for making proteins
want to keep it there = protected
“locked in the vault”
cytoplasm
nucleus

14. From nucleus to cytoplasm
transcription
DNA
mRNA
protein
translation
trait
nucleus
cytoplasm

15. Transcription Making mRNA from DNA
DNA strand is the template (pattern)
match bases
U : A
G : C
Enzyme
RNA polymerase

16. Matching bases of DNA & RNA
Double stranded DNA unzips T G G T A C A G C T A G T C A T C G T A C C G T

17. Matching bases of DNA & RNA
Double stranded DNA unzips with RNA POLYMERASE T G G T A C A G C T A G T C A T C G T A C C G T

18. Matching bases of DNA & RNA
Match RNA bases to DNA bases on one of the DNA strands after TATA box C U G A G U G U C U G C A A C U A A G C
RNA
polymerase U A G A C C T G G T A C A G C T A G T C A T C G T A C C G T

19. Matching bases of DNA & RNA
U instead of T is matched to A
TACGCACATTTACGTACGCGG
DNA
AUGCGUGUAAAUGCAUGCGCC
mRNA
ribosome U C A G

20. Before leaving the nucleus…
Removal of introns
Poly A-tail—3’ end
GTP Cap—5’ end

21. cytoplasm
protein
nucleus
ribosome U C A G
trait

22. How does mRNA code for proteins
mRNA leaves nucleus
mRNA goes to ribosomes in cytoplasm
Proteins built from instructions on mRNA
How?
mRNA U C A G aa

23. How does mRNA code for proteins?
TACGCACATTTACGTACGCGG
DNA
ribosome
AUGCGUGUAAAUGCAUGCGCC
mRNA ?
Met Arg Val Asn Ala Cys Ala
protein aa
How can you code for 20 amino acids with only 4 DNA bases (A,U,G,C)?

24. mRNA codes for proteins in triplets
TACGCACATTTACGTACGCGG
DNA
codon
ribosome
AUGCGUGUAAAUGCAUGCGCC
mRNA
AUGCGUGUAAAUGCAUGCGCC
mRNA ?
Met Arg Val Asn Ala Cys Ala
protein
Codon = block of 3 mRNA bases

25. The mRNA code For ALL life! Code has duplicates Start codon
strongest support for a common origin for all life
Code has duplicates
several codons for each amino acid
mutation insurance!
Strong evidence for a single origin in evolutionary theory.
Start codon
AUG
methionine
Stop codons
UGA, UAA, UAG

26. Open book to pg 299

27. How are the codons matched to amino acids?
TACGCACATTTACGTACGCGG
DNA
AUGCGUGUAAAUGCAUGCGCC
mRNA
codon
UAC
Met
GCA
Arg
tRNA
CAU
Val
anti-codon
amino acid
Anti-codon = block of 3 tRNA bases

28. mRNA to protein = Translation
The working instructions  mRNA
The reader  ribosome
The transporter  transfer RNA (tRNA)
ribosome
mRNA U C A G aa
tRNA G U aa
tRNA U A C aa
tRNA G A C
tRNA aa A G U

29. DNA mRNA protein trait From gene to protein tRNA transcriptionaa
transcription
translation
DNA
mRNA
protein
ribosome U C A G
tRNA aa
trait
nucleus
cytoplasm

30. Gizmo

31. From gene to protein
protein
transcription
translation

33. To Do: With your partner Assemble DNA (1-4)
Show steps of transcription. You can use scratch paper for additional enzymes or info.
Show 3 post-transcriptional modifications
Show steps of translation. Use pg 299 in book for code
Practice before filming. Both students need to speak during each part of p.synthesis
me:

34. Peer Evaluation on Mitosis Argument
Share with 5 people—3 at your table and 2 of your choice
Use of academic language—5 or more terms
Evidence statements need data
Justification should have a well reasoned argument to support claim