1. The Mole
Avogadro’s number

2. The Mole How much is: A dozen? 12 A century? 100 A mole? 6.02 x 1023
(602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000)

3. Units of Measurement Dozen = 12 things Bakers dozen= 13 things
Pair= 2 things
Decade = 10 years
Gross = 144 things
Ream = 100 things
I Mole = 6.02 x 1023 things

4. 1Mole = 6.02 x 1023 This is a huge number!
How long would it take to spend a mole of pennies …. at a $million /second?

5. Can you spend a mole of dollars?
If you could spend $1,000,000 every second it would take you
6.02 x ÷ $1,000,000/sec ÷ 60 sec/min ÷ 60 min/hr ÷ 24hrs/day ÷ 365 days/yr =
19,000,000,000 years!
If you started spending at the big bang you would be finished in 6 billion years.

6. Since we can’t count a mole of atoms, we MUST mass chemicals to measure moles
6.02 x atoms of sulfur
32.07 grams of sulfur
6.02 x atoms of carbon
12.01 grams of carbon

7. Why use this value?
It makes conversions to mass easy since one mole of protons has a mass of one gram!
The molar mass (mass of one mole) of a substance is the same value as the formula mass but in grams instead of amu.

8. Conversions with Moles
How do you find mass of one mole of substance?
We can do this if we know the formula mass
When we do this we get the MOLAR MASS
The mass in grams of 1 mole of substance is equal to the formula mass
Units: grams/mol

9. Molar Mass Examples carbon aluminum zinc 12.01 g/mol 26.98 g/mol

10. How do we measure moles?
The atomic mass (in amu) on your periodic table is the mass of a mole of atoms of that element (in grams.)
What is the mass of a mole of copper atoms?
So, to count 6.02 x 1023 copper atoms, we mass out g on the scale.

11. Molar Mass Examples water sodium chloride H2O
2(1.01) = g/mol
NaCl
= g/mol

12. Find the molar mass of: Ammonium phosphate NH4+ PO43- (NH4)3PO4=
=149g
Carbon dioxide
CO2 =
= 44 g

13. Molar Mass Examples sodium bicarbonate sucrose NaHCO3
(16.00) = g/mol
C12H22O11
12(12.01) + 22(1.01) + 11(16.00) = g/mol

14. Measuring with Moles The Mole is a counting unit
Called the chemist’s dozen
Used to count number of
Atoms
Molecules
We will count both atoms and molecules

15. Super Mole Highway So Far we Can Convert Between
Moles
Grams
Particles
The Mole Highway will help us convert from one to another

16. Super Mole Highway Divide by molar mass Multiply by 6.02  1023 MOLESIN
GRAMS
MOLES
NUMBER OF
PARTICLES
Multipy by molar mass
Divide by 6.02  1023

17. Find the mass of: A mole of silicon atoms
6.02 x 1023 atoms of nitrogen
6.02 x 1023 atoms of sodium
2 moles of sodium atoms

18. Find the mass of: A mole of silicon atoms 28.09 g
6.02 x 1023 atoms of nitrogen
14.01 g
6.02 x 1023 atoms of sodium
22.99g
2 moles of sodium atoms
45.98 g

19. How many atoms are in: A mole of silicon 14.01 g of nitrogen
2 moles of sodium
45.98 g of sodium

20. How many things are in: A mole of footballs A mole of water
2 moles of pencils
½ mole of lead