1. UNIT 9: Excretory System Clicker Review!

2. What is the functional unit responsible for filtration and concentration of urine?
1) kidney
2) ureter
3) nephron
4) bladder
5) medulla

3. What makes up the glomerulus?
1) venules
2) arterioles
3) arteries
4) capillaries
5) epithethial cells

4. What is the name of the indicated structure?
1) proximal tubule
2) distal tubule
3) Loop of Henle
4) Bowman’s capsule

5. What is the name of the indicated structure “i”?
1) proximal tubule
2) distal tubule
3) descending limb of Loop of Henle
4) ascending limb of Loop of Henle
5) Bowman’s capsule

6. What is the name of the indicated outside structure?
1) proximal tubule
2) distal tubule
3) Loop of Henle
4) Bowman’s capsule
5) Glomerulus

7. The inner/deep part of the kidney (not the urine collecting part) is called the…?
1) cortex
2) pelvis
3) medulla
4) ureter

8. The osmolarity (concentration) of your blood increases above the set point, what will be the result?
1) more ADH is released so more water in reabsorbed from the nephron
2) more ADH is released so less water in reabsorbed from the nephron
3) less ADH is released so more water in reabsorbed from the nephron
4) less ADH is released so less water in reabsorbed from the nephron

9. 1) urine is more concentrated 2) you become thirsty
If the osmolarity (concentration) of your blood decreases, what will be the end result?
1) urine is more concentrated
2) you become thirsty
3) urine is more dilute
4) nothing happens
5) Both 1 and 2
When less water is reabsorbed into blood, it stays in the filtrate & becomes part of urine.

10. What are the 3 nephron processes in order?
1) filtration, reabsorption, secretion
2) reabsorption, secretion, filtration
3) secretion, filtration, reabsorption
4) secretion, reabsorption, filtration

11. What passes urine to the renal pelvis?
1) ureter
2) urethra
3) bladder
4) collecting duct

12. What is the most prevalent solute substance in urine?
1) water
2) glucose
3) urea
4) NaCl (salt)
5) red blood cells

13. What is the most prevalent substance (of any substance) in urine?
1) water
2) glucose
3) urea
4) NaCl (salt)
5) protein

14. Which of these other things are NOT normally found in urine?
1) excess Vitamin C
2) metabolized medicines you’ve taken
3) glucose
4) water

15. In which of these numbers (1-5) of the nephron would you find the most concentrated and smallest volume of urine? 1 2 3 5 4

16. Which of these would interfere with the amount of ADH released & allow water to stay in the filtrate/urine?
1) coffee
2) Gatorade
3) alcohol
4) water
5) 1 & 3
6) 2 & 4
7) all would decrease the amount of ADH released

17. Which of these reabsorbed substances is NOT matched correctly?
1) NaCl: proximal & distal convoluted tubule; ascending limb of Loop of Henle
2) water: proximal & distal convoluted tubule; descending limb of Loop of Henle; collecting duct
3) glucose: distal convoluted tubule
4) amino acids: proximal convoluted tubule

18. Which of these secreted substances is NOT matched correctly?
1) excess vitamin C (water soluble vitamins): proximal convoluted tubule
2) metabolized medicines: collecting duct
3) K+: distal convoluted tubule
4) H+: proximal and distal convoluted tubule

19. What part of the nephron descends into the medulla?
1) proximal tubule
2) loop of Henle
3) distal tubule
4) Bowman’s capsule
5) Glomerulus

20. What are kidney stones?
1) crystalized cholesterol
2) crystalized calcium
3) crystalized salt (NaCl)
4) crystalized urea
5) crystalized ADH

21. If someone’s kidney function is compromised, what will the doctor prescribe?
1) dialysis
2) antibiotics
3) sound wave therapy
4) increase consumption of water
5) a bypass

22. The nitrogen in urea is the result of…
1) consuming carbohydrates
2) consuming lipids
3) consuming vitamins
4) consuming proteins
5) None of the above

23. Tylenol (acetaminophen) and Advil (ibuprofen) are processed by which organ?
1) Tylenol kidney; Advil liver
2) Tylenol kidney; Advil kidney
3) Tylenol liver; Advil kidney
4) Tylenol liver; Advil liver

24. In the micturition reflex, which sphincter is under voluntary control?
1) internal urethral sphincter
2) mid-urethral sphincter
3) external urethral sphincter

25. What is the most common cause of cystitis/a UTI?
1) virus in the urethra
2) bacteria in the urethra
3) stone in the urethra
4) bacteria in the rectum