1. Correctional Facilities
Area
Federal
Provincial
Municipal
Agriculture
Armed Forces
Copyright
Correctional Facilities
Education
Elections
Energy
Fire Department
Hospitals
Human Rights
Immigration
International Trade
Internet
Labour
Libraries
Liquor Licenses
Parks
Passports
Pensions
Police
Recycling
Water & Sewers
Social Insurance #s
Taxes
Telecommunications
Tourism & Travel
Traffic & Parking Signs
Transportation
Activity 5
Full Control
Limited Control
Quebec Only

2. Element
Function
Executive Branch
The branch of government which enforces the country`s 
laws. The prime minister, cabinet, queen and governor 
general belong to this branch. The executive represents 
the power of the government.
Legislative Branch
The branch of government which passes laws (legislation). 
The people`s representatives belong to this branch (along 
with the prime minister and the members of his or her 
cabinet). The purpose of the legislative branch is to keep 
the executive branch accountable, e.g. If the prime 
minister
Judicial Branch
The branch of government that upholds and interprets the 
constitution (Canada Act). The Judiciary upholds the 
Charter and makes legal decisions on important matters 
affecting individuals, institutions, and governments (of all 
levels).
Monarch (Queen or King)
The monarch is the head of state for Canada; however, 
this position has evolved over time into a ceremonial or 
titular position. The monarch has the right to advise 
Canada's Parliament. They have the right to be advised. 
Also, they have the right to address Parliament directly.
Governor General
The monarch's representative in Canada. He or she 
fulfills the responsibilities of the monarch.
Prime Minister
The head of the Canadian Government. He or she 
typically is the leader of the political party that received 
the most votes during the last federal election. 
Technically speaking, the prime minister does not actually 
have to be a member of Parliament; however, it is custom 
that the PM belongs to the House of Commons.
Cabinet
The cabinet is composed of ministers appointed by the 
prime minister. Some of the ministerial positions include 
minister of agriculture, minister of education, etc.
Senate
The “upper house” of Canada's Legislative Branch. The 
Senate does not normally propose new bills; however, for 
any bill to become law the Senate must approve. The 
Senate acts as a sort of "institutional memory" for 
Canada's law-making tradition, e.g. Members are 
appointed and serve for life. The Senate checks the power 
of the House of Commons by preventing rash legislation 
from being passed into law.
House of Commons
The “lower house” of Canada's Legislative Branch. 
Members of this branch are directly elected by the people 
of Canada during a federal election. The main 
responsibility of the lower house is to enact new laws and 
keep the executive branch of the government (Prime 
Minister) accountable to the people.
Leader of the Official 
Opposition
The leader of the party that received the second most 
votes in the last federal election. The opposition leader 
sits directly across from the prime minister, receives the 
same pay as the PM, and their authority falls just below a 
cabinet minister.
Opposition Members
During a federal election Canadians vote for people to 
represent them in Parliament. Opposition members are 
those members of Parliament that belong to the party that 
received the second most votes in the last federal election.
Supreme Court of Canada
The highest court in Canada (part of the Judiciary). The 
Supreme Court usually hears issues related to 
constitutional level issues.
Federal Court of Canada
Court dealing with certain matters under federal 
jurisdiction, and court of appeals for territorial tribunals 
and for decisions of federal commissions, boards, and 
tribunals.
Provincial Courts
General administration of civil and criminal law.

3. Answer Key for “Judging Your Rights”
1. Two in particular apply in this situation. Under Section 2, the parents have 
the right to freedom of conscience and religion. On the other hand, under 
Section 7, the child has the right to life, liberty and security of the person, and 
the right not to be deprived thereof in accordance with the principles of 
fundamental justice. The child was temporarily taken into care by the 
Children’s Aid Society for the period of medical treatment, a decision which 
the parents appealed. The ruling of the Supreme Court went in favour of the 
parents' right to appeal. (See B. (R.) v. Children’s Aid Society, 1995).
2. Although the TV station's case was weakened by the fact that they'd 
shown the tapes, the final ruling was in their favour. Section 98 prevents 
"unreasonable search and seizure" and Section 2 (b) guarantees the 
"freedom of the press". Traditionally, the press are allowed to protect their 
information so that they do not become an arm of the police. (See Canadian Broadcasting System v. Lessard, 1991).
3. Yes, the police violated Section 9 by “arbitrarily detaining” the two men in 
the car. So according to Section 24 (2) all the evidence the police got from 
this detention--the confession, finding the TV set, the fingerprints--was 
improperly obtained. In a similar case, the men's appeal was allowed, but a 
new trial was ordered in which they were convicted. (See R. v. Duguay and Sevigny, 1989).
4. The focus of these kinds of cases is on Section 15, which guarantees 
equality without discrimination based on (among other things) sex. As well, 
this section does not prvent any laws being made that improve conditions for 
people who are suffering under racial, sexual and other forms of 
discrimination. In the past, some of the cases have not extended full spousal 
benefits in same-sex relationships since these did not fit society's definition of 
marriage and therefore are not granted the protection we give to 
heterosexual couples and by extension their children. This case was tried 
before the Federal Court, because the pension in question belonged to a 
federal civil servant and so the claim was against the federal government. 
(See Egan v. Canada, 1995).
5. Several sections of the Charter apply to this case. Section 7 guarantees 
him the right to “fundamental justice”, but the more important sections are 
14, 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20 which guarantee him his right to services and to 
communicate in French in institutions and courts of the government of 
Canada. Since he is charged with a criminal offence, and criminal law is under 
federal jurisdiction, he has the right to have legal proceedings conducted in 
French. (R. c. Mercure, 1988).