1. Ecosystem Ecology
Test Review

2. 1. During the winter of 1999, minimum temperatures did not get much below freezing in an Oregon pond, and the following summer large mosquito populations were observed. In the winter of 2000, frost came early, and most ponds froze for 3 months. In the following summer, very low mosquito populations were observed. This is an example of
a. density-independent regulation
b. density-dependent regulation
c. ecosystem carrying capacity
d. biotic potential
resource partitioning

3. 2. A high intrinsic growth rate would most likely be characteristic of
A K-selected species such as elephants
An r-selected species such as the American bullfrog
A K-selected species that lives near its carrying capacity
A species that is near extinction
A species with a low reproductive rate that takes a long time to reach reproductive maturity

4. 3. Which of the following is not a statement of the logistic growth model? a. Population growth is limited by density-dependent factors. b. A population will initially increase exponentially and then level off as it approaches the carrying capacity of the environment. c. Future population growth cannot be predicted mathematically. d. Population growth slows as the number of individuals approaches the carrying capacity. e. A graph of population growth produces an S-shaped growth curve over time.

5. 4. Which of the following is not an example of a density-independent factor?
Drought
Competition
Forest fire
Hurricane
Flood

6. 5. As the size of a white-tailed deer population increases,
the carrying capacity of the environment for white-tailed deer will be reduced.
a volcanic eruption will have a greater proportional effect than it would on a smaller population.
the effect of limiting resources will decrease.
the number of gray wolves, a natural predator of white-tailed deer, will increase.
white-tailed deer are more likely to become extinct.

7. Which letter represents (each letter used only once) 6
Which letter represents (each letter used only once) 6. Carrying Capacity 7. Biotic Potential 8. Environmental Resistance

8. Answers: A B C D