1. Modern World History Chapter 9, Section 3 Industrialization Spreads

2. Factors Contributing to U.S. Industrialization
Resources that the U.S. possessed that allowed for rapid industrialization:
Fast-flowing rivers
Coal and iron
Supply of laborers
Immigrants
People moving from farms to cities
War of 1812:
Britain blockaded the U.S., so the U.S. was forced to develop industries on their own

3. U.S. Textile Industry
Prior to the War of 1812 the textile industry became the first one to develop in the U.S.
In 1789 Samuel Slater brought by memory from Great Britain the plans for a spinning mill
Pawtucket, Rhode Island
In 1813 Francis Cabot Lowell mechanized every stage of textile (cloth) manufacturing
Waltham, Massachusetts

4. U.S. Industrialization Expands
Stock – shares of ownership sold by entrepreneurs to raise money for large business ventures
Could raise money for the expensive industrial equipment needed
Corporation – business owned by stockholders who share its profits, but are not personally responsible for its debts
New technologies that assisted
the growth of industrialization:
Light bulb
Telephone
Railroads

5. Continental Europe Slow to Industrialize
Continental Europe lagged behind Great Britain in industrialization due to the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars
These wars halted trade, interrupted communication, and caused inflation

6. Industrialization in Belgium
The first nation in continental Europe to industrialize was Belgium
It had rich deposits of iron and coal, plus waterways for transportation
Like in the U.S., the plans for the beginning of a textile industry were smuggled into the country

7. Industrialization in Germany
Germany was divided by its political divisions (it was not one unified nation like others in Europe)
Industrialization thus only happened in small pockets or regions
Ruhr Valley in west central Germany industrialized first
Located by coal and iron resources
Good railroad transportation system

8. Industrialization Slow in Spain and Austria-Hungary
Catalonia region of Spain processed more cotton than Belgium
Other industrialization attempts were slowed in Spain by a lack of good roads and waterways for transportation
Industrialization slow to develop in Austria- Hungary due to a lack of good transportation due to the Alps Mountains
Both nations fell behind the others economically and became relatively weaker because of their lack of industrialization

9. Industrialization in Japan
Japan had traditionally chosen to stay isolated from the rest of the world
That changed in 1868 with the beginning of the Meiji government
The government financed many new industries and pushed private investors to support these new companies (like Mitsubishi)
This effort produced sustained economic growth which made Japan one of the most powerful nations on Earth

10. Industrialized vs. Non-Industrialized Worlds
Wealth gap widened between rich industrialized nations and poor non-industrialized nations
Industrialized nations needed raw materials form non- industrialized nations, then sold their manufactured goods back to them (non-industrialized nations became their markets)
This led to imperialism – the process where industrialized nations extended their rule over these poorer nations

11. Industrializations Impact on European Society
Europe gained tremendous economic power
Industrialization revolutionized every part of daily life
Life expectancy went up and health improved
Population and wealth grew
Middle class grew larger (lower class shrank)
Democratic participation went up
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