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GORBACHEV AND REFORM
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GORBACHEV AND REFORM THE END OF BREZHNEV
Brezhnev’s death long anticipated Increasingly infirm & senile Died Nov. 10, 1982
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GORBACHEV AND REFORM INTERREGNUM Succeeded by IURII ANDROVPOV, 1982
Former head of KGB Attempted limited reform But died after only 15 months in office
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GORBACHEV AND REFORM INTERREGNUM
Next leader = KONSTANTIN CHERNENKO, 1984 Brezhnev protégé Even older & sicker than Andropov In absence, MIKHAIL GORBACHEV took on many leadership duties
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GORBACHEV AND REFORM USSR UNDER GORBACHEV (1985-1991)
A New Leadership Style Young, confident, charismatic Good on TV Very popular in West
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GORBACHEV AND REFORM USSR UNDER GORBACHEV (1985-1991)
First Reforms: The Economy Tightened labor discipline Tried to combat poor quality & corruption Restricted sale of vodka
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GORBACHEV AND REFORM USSR UNDER GORBACHEV (1985-1991) GLASNOST
Andrei Sakharov GLASNOST New “openness” Meant to bolster economic reforms Challenged official secrecy & Party monopoly Chernobyl disaster
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GORBACHEV AND REFORM USSR UNDER GORBACHEV (1985-1991) PERESTROIKA
“Restructuring” Some elements of market economy Some measure of democracy
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GORBACHEV AND REFORM SOVIET CULTURE Effects of Glasnost’
Open discussion of everything End of dissident repression Reassessment of history End of Party interference with art & literature Publication of previously banned books
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