1. Expected Life Events
The expected life events that can affect human growth and development and the positive and negative effects of the events on growth and development
starting, being in and leaving education
moving house/location
entering and being in employment
living with a partner/marriage/civil ceremony
parenthood
retirement.

2. Starting, being in and leaving education
Positive
Build new friendships
Learn and develop new skills
Improved self-esteem
Improved communication skills
Negative
Anxiety about the new routines and meeting new people
Insecurity about leaving parents for the first time

3. Moving house/location
Positive
New challenges are exciting
Develop new friendships
Negative
Loss of friends
Anxiety and stress of moving
May feel isolated

4. Entering and being in employment
Positive
Develop independence
Improved self-image and self-esteem
Build new relationships
Learn new skills (creative thinking and problem solving) through training
Negative
Stress and anxiety of meeting new people

5. Living with a partner/marriage/civil ceremony
Positive
Feel secure and content
Develop intimate relationships
Develop relationships with in-laws
Negative
Loss of independence
Have to share

6. Parenthood Positive Negative Feel content Improved emotional wellbeing
Develop strong attachments
Negative
Worried about responsibilities
Feel tired
Loss of independence
Jealousy of siblings

7. Retirement Positive Negative Reduced stress
More time to socialise with friends and family
Negative
Loss of relationships
May have negative self-image
May lose mobility/fitness

8. Unexpected Life Events
The unexpected life events that can affect human growth and development and the effects of the events on personal growth and development and that of others:
death of a partner, relative or friend
accidents and injury, ill health
exclusion, dropping out of education
imprisonment
promotion/redundancy/unemployment.

9. Death of a partner, relative or friend
Effects:
Loss and grief
Low self-confidence
Loss of friends
Unable to function at work

10. Accidents and injury, ill health
Effects:
Loss of mobility
Depression
Restriction of social activities
Lack of interest in appearance

11. Exclusion, dropping out of education
Effects:
Low self-esteem
Loss of friends
Restriction of social activities

12. Imprisonment Effects: Depression Loss of social contact
Low self-esteem
Loss of independence

13. Redundancy or unemployment
Promotion
Effects:
Improved self-esteem
Positive self-image
More independence
Low self-esteem
Stress
Fewer opportunities for learning and developing skills
Fewer opportunities to interact and develop new relationships
Opportunities to train for a new job
Redundancy or unemployment

14. Understanding how to manage the changes caused by life events
types of support (formal, informal, emotional, physical)
support offered by people (family, friends, partners, professional carers, including district nurse and social care worker)
support offered by community groups, voluntary and faith-based organisations
managing expectations.

15. Types of support (formal, informal, emotional, physical)
Physical and emotional support from professionals, e.g. doctors and care workers.
Informal
Unpaid physical or emotional support from family or friends
Emotional
Support for coping with feelings e.g. from counsellors
Physical
Support for day-to-day care needs e.g. help with mobility or shopping

16. Support offered by people (family, friends, partners, professional carers, including district nurse and social care worker)
Informal support is from family, friends and partners.
They can:
Provide reassurance
Help to cope with change
Support with health and change of circumstances
Help with washing and dressing
Help with day-to-day tasks
Help to maintain independence

17. Support offered by people (family, friends, partners, professional carers, including district nurse and social care worker)
Formal support is from professional carers
Nurses, social workers, physiotherapists, counsellors etc.
Change dressings
Prescribe medication
Refer to other services for help
Counselling to help with worries
Advise about how to improve health and wellbeing
Liaise with others about care needs

18. Support offered by community groups, voluntary and faith-based organisations
Based in the local area
They understand the needs of local people
Can include self-help groups
Offer support to people who can’t drive, food banks, low wage/unemployed people.
Voluntary groups
National or local
Can help with health needs, dementia, diabetes, welfare needs (e.g. bereavement)
Provide information and support
May work with professionals
Faith-based organisations
These are linked to a particular faith
They provide support for the health and welfare needs of religious groups
Support and advice is based on religious beliefs and morals