1. Smart Homes Automation using Z-Wave Protocol
Date : 2018 / 04 / 13
Speaker : Chen-Yu, Ho
Advisor : Dr. Ho-Ting, Wu

2. Outline Introduction Z-wave technology Z-wave devices
Z-wave vs. ZigBee
Conclusion
Reference

3. Home Area Network (HAN)
HAN allows devices to communicate together and make it possible to monitor the automated digital apparatus remotely and anywhere inside the house.
These technologies provide an auto-balancing and self-monitoring power smart grid capabilities.

4. Smart Home Security System
The aim of the security system in smart homes is to protect house owners and their property from strangers.
The primary controller warns house owners of any problems to check it.

5. Smart Home Wireless Protocols
Many wireless protocols for smart homes such as INSTEON, ZigBee, and Z-Wave.
It has 2 basic kinds of devices: controller and slave nodes.
Z-Wave includes four main layers.

6. Controllers PortableController Static Controller Installer Controller
Bridge Controller

7. Slaves
Slave
Routing Slave
Enhanced Slave

8. Topology

9. Z-Wave Technology
Reliable transmission of short messages from the control unit to one or more devices in the network.
Home ID and node ID.

10. MAC Layer Unique network ID number (Home ID)
Up to 232 nodes in one network
Collision avoidance algorithm
Automatic retransmission for reliable data transfer
support for low-power operation via dedicated wakeup patterns. 4 1 2 1 n m
1 or 2

11. Transfer Layer Singlecast Frame Type(ACK).
Multicast Frame Type(Non-ACK).
Broadcast Frame Type (Non-ACK).

12. Routing Layer Routed Singlecast Frame Type
Routed Acknowledge Frame Type

13. Routing Table

14. Application Layer

15. Z-Wave Devices (Controller)

16. Z-Wave Devices (Slaves)

17. Receiver sensitivity (dBm)
Z-Wave vs. ZigBee
Physical
Layer
Z-Wave
ZigBee
RF band (MHz)
868/908 (all chips)
2400 (400 series chip)
868/915/2400
Range (m)
30 (indoors)
100 (outdoors)
10-100
Bit rate (kb/s)
9.6/40(200 series chip)
200 (only 400 series chip)
20/40/250
Receiver sensitivity (dBm)
-101 (at 40kb/s)
-85 (2.4GHz band)
-92 (868/915 MHz bands)

18. Z-Wave vs. ZigBee (cont.)
Link Layer
Z-Wave
ZigBee
MAC mechanism
CSMA/CA
TDMA + CSMA/CA 
(beacon mode) 
and 
CSMA/CA 
(beaconless mode)
Message size(Bytes) 64
(max MAC payload in 200 series chip)
127 (max)
Error control
8-bit check-sum, ACKs (optional)
16-bit CRC, ACKs 
(optional)

19. Z-Wave vs. ZigBee (cont.)
Communication modes
Z-Wave
ZigBee
Unicast
Yes
Broadcast
Multicast
Yes (NWK and APL layers).
Not supported by MAC
Other modes No
Indirect addressing

20. Z-Wave vs. ZigBee (cont.)
Identifiers
32-bit (home ID),
8-bit (node ID)
16-bit and 64-bit MAC addresses
16-bit NWK identifiers
Device types
Controllers and slaves
Corrdinator, router and end device

21. Z-Wave vs. ZigBee (cont.)
Network Layer
Multihop solution
Source routing
Mesh routing, tree routing and source routing
Hop limit 4
30/10/5
(Mesh routing/tree routing/source routing)
Application Layer
Command space
32,768
65,536 (clusters)
Device type space
N/A
65,536

22. Z-Wave vs. ZigBee (cont.)
End-to-end reliability
ACKs
ACKs and
control of duplicate packets
Security
128 bit AES encryption
(400 series chip)
Integrity, confidentiality,
access control, and
key management

23. Conclusion
It provides better reliability, low radio rebirth, easy usage, and easy Interoperability.
Two main types: the controllers and slaves.

24. Reference
Yassein, Muneer Bani, et al. “Smart Homes Automation Using Z-Wave Protocol.” 2016 International Conference on Engineering & MIS (ICEMIS), 2016
Gomez, Carles, and Josep Paradells. “Wireless Home Automation Networks: A Survey of Architectures and Technologies.” IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 48, no. 6, 2010, pp. 92–101.
Z-Wave, “Z-Wave Protocol Overview,” v. 4, May 2007.