1. Maps

2. What is a map?
A flat model of all or part of Earth’s surface as seen from above
Drawn to scale
Shows the shape of the land (topography) and other features

3. Topography of an area includes:
Elevation: the height of sea level of a point on Earth’s surface
Relief: the difference in elevation between the highest and lowest part of an area
Landforms:hills or valleys

4. Three Main Types of Landforms
Plains (low elevation and low relief)
Mountains (high elevation and high relief)
Plateaus (high elevation and low relief)

5. What Is in a Map?

6. Longitude and Latitude

7. Where is ...?
Look up p.27

8. Topographic Map Shows the surface features of an area
Use contour lines to represent elevation, relief and slope

9. Mapping topography A contour line connects points of equal elevation
Contour Interval is the change in elevation from contour line to contour line
Index Contour:
usually every 5th contour line is darker and heavier than the others.
labeled with the elevation in round units

10. Interpreting Contour Lines
Begin at the index contour, then count the number of contour lines up or down to the feature.

12. Closely spaced contour lines indicate steep slopes
Widely spaced contour lines indicate gentle slopes

13. Scale and Symbols
A close loop with dashes inside shows a depression

14. V-shaped contour lines pointing downhill shows a ridge line.
V-shaped contour lines pointing uphill shows a valley.
A stream in the valley flows toward the open end of the V