1. Hello …

3. What is Earth Science?

4. Ag Earth Science – Chapter 1.1
1.1 Vocabulary

5. Bio
Life

6. Geo
Earth

7. Hydro
water

8. logy
Study of

9. Earth Science
A name for the group of sciences that deals with Earth and it’s neighbors in space

10. Study of the physical material and historical make-up of the Earth.
geology
Study of the physical material and historical make-up of the Earth.

11. oceanography
Study of the composition and movements of seawater, coastal processes, seafloor topography, and marine life.

12. meteorology
Study of the atmosphere and the processes that produce weather and climate.

13. astronomy
Study of the universe

14. That’s Random

15. Overview of Earth Science
Earth science is the name for the group of sciences that deals with Earth and it’s neighbors in space.

16. Earth Science is divided into four main sub-categories.
Geology – study of the Earth
Physical Geology – examination of the materials that make up the Earth and the possible explanations that for the many processes that shape our planet.
Historical Geology – understand Earth’s long history and establish a “time-line”

17. Earth Science is divided into four main sub-categories.
Oceanography - Study of the composition and movements of sea water, coastal processes, seafloor topography, and marine life.

18. Earth Science is divided into four main sub-categories.
Meteorology - Study of the atmosphere and the processes that produce weather and climate.

19. Earth Science is divided into four main sub-categories.
Astronomy - Study of the universe

20. Formation of Earth
Nebular Hypothesis – suggests that the bodies of our solar system evolved from an enormous rotating cloud called the solar nebula. It was made up mostly of hydrogen and helium, with a small percentage of heavier elements.

21. Ag Earth Science – Chapter 1.1
1.2 Vocabulary

22. sphere
3-dimensionally round “ball”

23. hydrosphere
Water portion of the earth

24. atmosphere
Gaseous envelope around the Earth

25. geosphere
Composed of the core, mantle, and crust

26. biosphere
All life-forms on Earth

27. core
Dense, heavy inner sphere of the Earth

28. mantle
Located between the crust and core of the Earth

29. crust
Thin outside layer of the Earth’s surface

30. Dam Picture

31. Earth can be divided into four major spheres
Hydrosphere – water portion of the earth
Atmosphere - gaseous envelope around the Earth
Geosphere - composed of the core, mantle, and crust
Biosphere - all life-forms on Earth

32. Hydrosphere All water on Earth
Oceans account for 97% of all Earth’s water
3% is freshwater (groundwater, streams, lakes, and glaciers)

33. Atmosphere Life-sustaining gaseous envelope Extends about 100km upward
Protects us from sun’s heat and dangerous radiation

34. Geosphere Lies beneath both the atmosphere and the ocean
The geosphere is not uniform and is divided into 3 main parts based on composition.
Core – dense center of the Earth
Mantle – middle layer of the Earth
Crust – thin, outer layer of Earth

35. Biosphere
Consists of all life on Earth

36. Plate Tectonics - Theory
Earth’s lithosphere is broken into several sections called plates
These plates move slowly and continuously due to the unequal distribution of heat within Earth
The movements of these plates generate earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the deformation of large masses of rock into mountains.

37. That’s Random

38. Ag Earth Science – Chapter 1.1
1.5 Vocabulary

39. hypothesis
A tentative explanation that is tested to determine if it is valid

40. experimentation
The testing of an idea

41. experimental error
In conducting an experiment, a person encounters one or more errors

42. variables
Those parts of an experiment that can change during an experiment and influence the results

43. conclusion
A decision that is reached after thinking/analyzing about certain facts or information

44. theory
A well-tested and widely accepted view that explains certain observable facts.

45. scientific law
Results from many scientists repeatedly reaching the same conclusions.

46. Scientific Method

47. Scientific Method
The process of gathering facts through observations and formulating scientific hypotheses and theories
Steps in Scientific Method
Collection of scientific facts through observation and measurement
Development of one or more working hypotheses to explain these facts
Development of observations and experiments to test hypotheses
Acceptance, modification, or rejection of the hypothesis based on extensive testing

48. Hypothesis
Once data have been gathered, scientists try to explain how or why things happen in the manner observed.
Scientists do this by stating a possible explanation called a hypothesis
A hypothesis must be “testable”

49. Theory
A scientific theory is a well tested and widely accepted by the scientific community and best explains certain observable facts.

50. THE END ….. for this chapter.