1. Spring Break Packet

2. Inferences: using observations to make a guess
Observation: fact that can be observed with 5 senses

3. Inferences: using observations to make a guess
Observation: fact that can be observed with 5 senses
Weathering: to break something down
Erosion: to take away

4. Mechanical: break big rocks to little rocks, while staying the same
Ice wedging, avalanche, root wedging, wind, water, frost, sun, waves, earthquake, hammer
Chemical weathering: changing chemical makeup of rock
Acid, water, air, carbonation, oxidation, fire,

5. Mechanical: break big rocks to little rocks, while staying the same
Ice wedging, avalanche, root wedging, wind, water, frost, sun, waves, earthquake, hammer

6. Earthquakes: land moves, fast, creating cracks and faults in the earth

7. Earthquakes: land moves, fast, creating cracks and faults in the earth
Volcanoes: create rock formations, makes mountains, and creates new land

8. Earthquakes: land moves, fast, creating cracks and faults in the earth
Volcanoes: create rock formations, makes mountains, and creates new land
Hawaiian islands: the tectonic plates moved over a hotspot making islands, as the tectonic plates moved it created more islands
Older islands are smaller because of weathering and erosion

9. Hot particles ARE LESS DENSE AND RISE and cool particles ARE MORE DENSE AND SINK
Convection currents are:

10. The sun heats the land, the hot land warms the air making it less dense so it rises. As it goes up in the atmosphere it cools and falls

11. DEEP Ocean currents are caused by differences in density which are caused by differences in:
Salinity
temperatures

12. Sub Week Packet

13. Types of Rock
Sedimentary rock- rock formed through solidification of sediment
often in layers
Sediment is formed by weathering

14. Types of Rock
Sedimentary rock- rock formed through solidification of sediment
often in layers
Sediment is formed by weathering
Metamorphic – created as a result of high heat and pressure

15. Types of Rock
Sedimentary rock- rock formed through solidification of sediment
often in layers
Sediment is formed by weathering
Metamorphic – created as a result of high heat and pressure
Igneous rock – solidified magma

16. Types of Rock
Sedimentary rock- rock formed through solidification of sediment
often in layers
Sediment is formed by weathering
Metamorphic – created as a result of high heat and pressure
Igneous rock – solidified magma

18. Ecosystems Producer – an organism that makes its own energy (food)
Example: plants, algae, some bacteria, etc
Primary consumer – a organism that eats producers (bunnies, sheep, cow)
Secondary consumer – an organism that eats a primary consumer (polar bears, lion, wolf, fox)
Decomposer – organism that eats dead plants and animals and turns them into nutrients
e:x: fungi, worm, mushrooms, vultures

19. Ecosystems Herbivore – plant eater Carnivore – meat eater
Omnivore – eat everything
Ecosystems stay balanced because…
There are complex interactions in an ecosystem and when it is unbalanced, the interactions get thrown off (cause overpopulation, extinction, lowering of populations)

20. Ecosystems Imbalance Beginning of all food webs: SUN Diseases Lava
Volcano
Bad weather
Human
Pollution
Introduce new species
Whalers (hunters)
Beginning of all food webs: SUN

21. Ecosystems DIRECTION OF THE FLOW OF ENERGY
Arrows point in the direction of the consumer
The energy is going from the food organism into the consumer
Arrow points from food to consumer

22. Living things change
Adaptation: a characteristic that helps an organism to live in its environment

23. Characteristics of Ocean
Sonar and ultrasound
Use sound to bounce off the ocean floor which tells us the depth and the shape of the ocean floor

24. boundaries Boundary Forms Rift valley, mid ocean ridges
Divergent – when two plates pull away from each other
Rift valley, mid ocean ridges
Convergent (subduction) – when two plates come together (collide) and one subducts under the other
Mountains, volcanoes, deep ocean trenches, earthquakes
Hotspot – an area under the crust that is very hot , so hot that magma comes up and forms volcanoes
Volcanoes, Hawaiian islands

25. Characteristics of Ocean
Sea floor spreading: ocean floor is extended when two plates move apart
Forms new crust
Evidence for sea floor spreading
Sea floor crust is newer
If new earth is being made, why isn’t the earth getting bigger?
Crust is constantly being destroyed at convergent boundaries during subduction