1. ISLANDS AND BIODIVERSITY
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

2. Real islands
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

3. Island size and biodiversity
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

4. Reptiles and amphibians on Caribbean islands
Area / km2
Species
Redona
2.6 3
Saba
12.7 5
Montserrat
104 9
Puerto Rico
8816 40
Jamaica
11669 39
Hispaniola
77793 84
Cuba
103723 76
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

5. The diversity of reptile and amphibian species on different Caribbean island species
© 2016 Paul Billiet
ODWS

6. The diversity of reptile and amphibian species on different Caribbean island species
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

7. Islands and distance
© P Billiet
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

8. Numbers of species of longhorn beetle in the Florida Keys
Island
Distance / km
Species
Key Largo 13 44
Matecume Key 32 16
Fat Deer Key 66 12
Key Vaca 72 15
No Name Key 76
Big Pine Key 79 24
Big Torch Key 88
Cudjoe Key 95 8
Sugarloaf Key
100 10
Key West
121
Dry Tortugas
131 3
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

9. Diversity of longhorn beetle species compared to the distance of islands in the Florida Keys
© 2016 Paul Billiet
ODWS

10. Diversity of longhorn beetle species compared to the distance of islands in the Florida Keys
© 2016 Paul Billiet
ODWS

11. Trends
Bigger islands have a more diverse habitat so can support a wider variety of species = more niches
Distant islands are more difficult to reach and colonise.
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

12. Extinction v colonisation
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

13. Functional islands
Lakes in Finland
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14. Islandisation
Dividing and isolating populations of species so that they cannot breed together
The human barriers can be as big as a city or as small as a road.
ubc
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

15. Woodland cover in Warwickshire
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16. Woodland cover in Warwickshire
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

17. Species loss Great spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos major)
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

18. Edge effects
Transition zones from one ecosystem to another (aka ecotones)
Usually increases the biodiversity at the boundary
Smaller fragments may be affected throughout
The original habitat may be completely modified.
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

19. Natural edges
Lake shores show a transition from terrestrial to aquatic habitats
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

20. Species distribution
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

21. Change in number of field layer plant species in a lake-woodland transition
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

22. Human influences The edge effect on different sized woodlands
Bigger fragments have more of the original interior habitat.
Transition zone
Interior habitat
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

23. The edge effect of a corridor cut through woodland
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS