1. GCSE Geography – What I need to know!
Revision Checklist: Exam 2 The Human Environment
Check-list
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Changing cities : Urbanisation in the world today
Trends in urbanisation over the past 50 years
How and why urbanisation has occurred at different times and rates in different parts of the world and the effects.
Distribution of the urban population in the UK and the location of its major urban centres. Factors causing this.
Changing cities : Study of Birmingham, a major UK city
Site and situation
Structure of the city e.g. CBD, inner city, suburbs
Sequence of urbanisation, suburbanisation, counter-urbanisation, re-urbanisation
Causes of national and international migration and the impact on different parts of the city
Key population characteristics of the city.
Causes of deindustrialisation and impacts on the city

2. Revision Checklist: Exam 2 The Human Environment – continued
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Changing cities- Study of Birmingham cont.
How economic change is increasing inequality in the city and the differences in quality of life
Recent changes in retailing and their impact on Birmingham.
The range of possible strategies aimed at making urban living more sustainable and improving quality of life for Birmingham.
Changing cities – case study of a major city in an emerging country – Mexico City
Site and situation of Mexico City
The land-use structure of Mexico City
The effects of migration on Mexico City
Inequality in Mexico City
The effects of rapid urbanisation on Mexico City e.g. housing shortages, squatter settlements, under- employment, pollution etc.
Advantages and disadvantages of both bottom-up and top-down approaches to solving Mexico City’s problems
The role of government policies in improving the quality of life within Mexico City

3. Revision Checklist: Exam 2 The Human Environment – continued…
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Global development
Ways of defining development using economic and social measures
Different factors which contribute to the development of a country e.g. economic, cultural
How development is measured in different ways e.g. GDP, HDI
Global pattern of development i.e. which countries are developed, developing and emerging?
Reasons for differences in levels of development between countries
The different ways of trying to reduce uneven development in the world today e.g. international aid
Differences between top-down and bottom up development projects.

4. Revision Checklist: Exam 2 The Human Environment – continued…
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Case study of development in an emerging country, India
Describe the location and position of India
Describe some facts about India e.g. size, population, political situation, climate
Explain what the core (Mumbai) and the periphery (Bihar) in India is
Explain how the economy has changed ( Agricultural and
Manufacturing sectors in particular)
Explain the changing balance between public investment and private investment
Describe where India sends its aid money to
Explain the changes in population structure and life expectancy in India
Explain India’s relationships with other countries e.g. China and Pakistan
Explain the positive and negative social, economic and environmental impacts of rapid development for India
Explain how India’s government is trying to improve the quality of life for people in its country

5. Revision Checklist: Exam 2 The Human Environment – continued…
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Resource management - overview
Know the meaning of the key terms biotic, abiotic, renewable and non-renewable
Describe the ways in which people exploit environments in order to obtain water, food and energy
Explain how environments are changed by this exploitation
Describe the global and UK variety and distribution of natural resources
Describe the global patterns of consumption and usage of food, energy and water
Energy resource management
Describe what renewable and non-renewable energy is
Describe the advantages and disadvantages of both renewable and non-renewable energy
Know how renewable and ono-renewable energy resources are being developed for example wind farms
Explain why different groups have different attitudes about using and producing energy from renewable and non-renewable energy sources
Describe how China has attempted to manage its energy resources in a sustainable way e.g Three Gorges Dam
Describe how Germany has attempted to manage its energy resources in a sustainable way e.g. through wind farms and solar farms

6. Revision Checklist: Unit 4 Urban Environments
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Explain why LEDCs (developing countries) have a faster urban population growth than MEDCs (developed countries)
What are the causes of urbanisation in LEDCs?
Be able to explain the following:
Rural to Urban Migration
Push and pull factors (with examples) Natural increase
What are the problems with urban growth?
Understand why shanty towns develop
Describe conditions in a shanty town such as Rocinha in Brazil
Explain how living conditions can be improved in shanty towns:
Low cost improvements
Self-help schemes
New towns to reduce overpopulation
Community policing
Education and skill – better jobs, more money etc
Reducing urban deprivation in MEDCs
Explain why urban areas can go into decline in MEDCs (industrial decline)
What are the problems industrial decline brings to an area? Use Birmingham as an example
Explain how Birmingham has been regenerated and how it has improved social, economic and environmental conditions
Managing traffic
Describe the main issues facing urban areas from traffic and congestion
Explain how traffic can be managed successfully:
Cambridgeshire guided bus way
Manchester Metrolink

7. Revision Checklist: Unit 4 Urban Environments continued…
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Environmental hazards in urban areas
Give reasons how the development of urban areas puts pressure on the urban environment (eg increased traffic, more need for energy etc)
Explain the environmental problems Los Angeles experiences
Using Curitiba as an example explain how managing pollution can be successful. Be able to explain how the following point can improve the environment:
Recycling of buildings
Traffic-free centre
Developing green urban space
Sustainable cities
Be able to give examples of what a city requires to become sustainable
Know what an Ecological Footprint is
Know where BEDzed is located and how it is reducing energy consumption in homes
Explain why the Greenhouse project in Leeds is sustainable
Understand what an Eco-city is
Explain how Dongtan in China plans to be an Eco-city:
Work
Residential areas
Transport
Energy
waste

8. Revision Checklist: Exam 2 The Human Environment – continued
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Case study of development in India, an emerging country
Location of the country in the world
Know facts about the country e.g. climate, religion, states
Regional contrasts in India- Mumbai and Bihar (core and periphery)
Know how has agriculture has changed in the past 40 years
Know how manufacturing has changed recently.
Know how tourism is growing in India
What are the demographic and social changes in India?
How has the urbanisation rate changed in India since the year 2000?
What is the education system like?