1. LO: To judge the success of Russification
Learning Outcomes
By the end of this lesson you will be able to…
Describe Russification E-D
Explain its role through the time period C-B
Judge how successful the policy was A-A*

2. LO: To judge the success of Russification
Describe Russification E-D
Explain its role through the time period C-B
Judge how successful the policy was A-A*
Task: Once you have written
Your title and date…
Look at the word
Cloud on the left.
What key event is
It referring to?

3. LO: To judge the success of Russification
Describe Russification E-D
Explain its role through the time period C-B
Judge how successful the policy was A-A*
Russification was the process where by non-Russian regions were drawn
More securely into the framework of the empire. This was characterised
By the transmission of Russia language, religion and culture to the peoples of national minorities.

4. LO: To judge the success of Russification
Describe Russification E-D
Explain its role through the time period C-B
Judge how successful the policy was A-A*
Russification
Origins in aftermath of Polish Revolt
Mikhail Katkov criticises modernisers, Argues for control through imposing
Russian values on populations.
Ukraine, Baltics and Caucuses all targeted.
Used by AII, AIII, Lenin, Stalin and Khrushchev.
Tsarist policy a direct one, while communist was more federal.
RSFSR created in 1918 by constitution. Incorporated Russia and central Asia.
-1924 and 1936 constitutions also added countries, however tight control kept.
Repression and national minorities
Tsarism used a mixture of reforms to appease and military force.
Communists tended to promise reform but then impose repression.
Vast numbers deported from Eastern Europe to Asia after Barbarossa.
Stalin in 1936 officially gave right to secede but this could not be carried
Out in practice.
- Khrushchev relaxes Stalinist approach in the 1950s.
The Jews
- “Pale of Settlement” in Lithuania, Poland +Ukraine. Percieved threat meant pogroms.
From 1882 confinement to Pale, banning of land purchases, removal from elections.
NII accuses Jews of being revolutionaires. Did allow to sit in Duma.

6. LO: To judge the success of Russification
Describe Russification E-D
Explain its role through the time period C-B
Judge how successful the policy was A-A*
Baltics
Roots in Germanic values.
Raw materials abundant.
Large numbers of ethnic Russians
Attracted to area.
Russification almost a natural
Process in the Baltics.
Became a Russian economic zone.
Annexed to Federal System in 1936.
Suffered badly in WW2.
Region stable in 1950s
Finland
Tsars liberal towards Finland.
Gave them Diet in 1863, constitution 1865.
NII appoints Bobrikov governor general.
Finland then Russified and integrated.
Army and state organisations disbanded.
Terrorists assassinate Bobrikov. Stolypin
Offers autonomy 1905 but reneges.
Brest-Litovsk frees Finland.
1920s disputes with Soviets.
Winter War ,000 deaths.
Finns neutral 1948 Treaty of Friendship.
Caucasus
High illiteracy makes
Russification easy.
- Religious differences varied.
Georgians a problem for NII.
Occupied in 1920s
Ordjonikidze incident.
Ukraine
Looked to build separate cultural identity.
AII forbade Ukranian books in 1863 and 76.
Brest-Litovsk gives independence.
Important grain producing area. Value meant
They looked to resist change.
Collectivisation opposed. Ukraine suffers
purges.
Suffers badly in WW2 killed+ transported north.

7. LO: To judge the success of Russification
Describe Russification E-D
Explain its role through the time period C-B
Judge how successful the policy was A-A*
LO: To judge the success
of Russification

8. LO: To judge the success of Russification
Describe Russification E-D
Explain its role through the time period C-B
Judge how successful the policy was A-A*
LO: To judge the success
of Russification

9. LO: To judge the success of Russification
Describe Russification E-D
Explain its role through the time period C-B
Judge how successful the policy was A-A*
LO: To judge the success
of Russification

10. LO: To judge the success of Russification
Describe Russification E-D
Explain its role through the time period C-B
Judge how successful the policy was A-A*
LO: To judge the success
of Russification

11. LO: To judge the success of Russification
Describe Russification E-D
Explain its role through the time period C-B
Judge how successful the policy was A-A*
LO: To judge the success
of Russification