1. The Russian Revolution

2. I. Pre-Revolutionary Russia
Last absolute king
No democratic gov
Nicholas II became Tsar in 1884
Divine right

3. II. The Revolution of 1905 “Peace, Land, & Bread!” Bloody Sunday
Workers
Bloody Sunday
Peaceful protest
Soldiers open fire
Tsar can’t ignore problems
Forms Duma: legislative body
Tsar basically ignores

4. IV. Alexandra: The Power Behind the Throne
Wife of Tsar
Alexis: Son with Hemophilia
Believes Rasputin has power to heal him
Scandals around Rasputin discredits Tsar

5. V. World War I: “The Last Straw”
Broke Russia economy
Shows weakness of Tsar
Kills thousands
People upset

6. VI. The Collapse of the Imperial Government
Alexandra and Rasputin throw the government into chaos
Rasputin is assassinated

7. VII. The Two Revolutions of 1917
Food strikes
The March Revolution (March 12)
The November Revolution (November 6)
Lenin in charge
Communist revolution
Class Struggle
Redistribution of land
Overthrow the Tsar

8. Stalin

9. Totalitarian State
A government that takes total, central state control over every aspect of public and private life

10. Control Methods
The Great Purge: campaign of terror against enemies who threatened his power
Killed or sent to Gulags (death camps)
Est between 8-13 million deaths

12. Propaganda Controlled all newspapers, radio, movies, and information
Glorified the achievements of Stalin & communism

14. Religious Persecution
Replace Orthodox teachings with communist teachings
Destroyed churches & synagogues

15. Industrial Policies
Command Economy: Government makes all economic decisions
Five-Year Plans: high quotas (goals) for output of steel, coal, oil, & electricity
Limited consumer production
People faced shortages of housing, food, clothing, & other goods
Made some industrial gains

16. Agricultural Policies
Collective Farms: Seized all private farms and combined them into large, government owned farms
Hoped to boost food production
Resistance among “kulaks”, wealthy farm owners
In Ukraine, Stalin forced a famine by confiscating all food from kulaks

17. Education
Goal: build a stricter society that adhered to creating a much more communist state
Education law of 1935: allowed teachers to use strict methods of discipline
Communist History taught
Girls allowed in schools