1. Biodiversity: The Other Earthlings

2. “The pale blue dot” …. Earth from the Voyager spacecraft, > 4 billion miles away

3. ~ 4.6 bya

4. Planets

5. Body Diameter Distance
SUN 12 inches
Mercury 0.04 in 41 feet
Venus 0.10 in 77 feet
Earth 0.11 in 107 feet
Mars 0.06 in 163 feet
Asteriod belt……………………………………….
Jupiter 1.23 in 559 feet
Saturn 1.00 in feet
Uranus 0.40 in feet
Neptune 0.39 in feet
Pluto 0.02 in feet

6. -153 – 20oC
-88 – 58oC
462oC

7. Earth
Venus
Mars
CO2
0.035%
96%
95% N2
77%
3.5%
2.7%
H2O 1%
0.01%
0.007% Ar
0.93%
1.6% O2
21%
trace
Where did all of Earth’s CO2 go?

10. Where did all the carbon go?
Abiogenic Limestone Formation
Bicarbonate ion
Carbonic acid
Carbonate ion
From ‘weathering’ of feldspars
Calcium Carbonate (limestone)

11. Where did all the carbon go?
Abiogenic Limestone Formation
Earth
Venus
Mars
CO2
0.035%
96%
95%
Bicarbonate ion
Carbonic acid
Carbonate ion
Calcium Carbonate (limestone)

12. Where did all the carbon go?
Limestone
CaCO3

13. Where did all the carbon go?

14. Where did all the carbon go?
Biogenic Limestone Formation
SHELLS
Settled out

15. Where did all the carbon go?
400 m
4 um (4/1000’s of a mm; 250,000 per meter)
100,000,000 deep, but they are crushed, so it’s actually more…
Little things, big effects…

16. Where did all the carbon go?

17. Earth
Venus
Mars
CO2
0.035%
96%
95% N2
77%
3.5%
2.7%
H2O 1%
0.01%
0.007% Ar
0.93%
1.6% O2
21%
trace
Where did all the O2 come from?

18. Where did all the carbon go?
Where did all the oxygen come from?

19. Earth
Venus
Mars
CO2
0.035%
96%
95% N2
77%
3.5%
2.7%
H2O 1%
0.01%
0.007% Ar
0.93%
1.6% O2
21%
trace
Little things (photosynthetic bacteria), big effects…

20. Annual Cycling in CO2 Concentration
THE EARTH IS A LIVING PLANET – IT BREATHES
Annual Cycling in CO2 Concentration
(May April 2016)

21. Hint….

22. Annual Cycling in CO2 Concentration
THE EARTH IS A LIVING PLANET – IT BREATHES
Changes in the Composition of the Atmosphere
Annual Cycling in CO2 Concentration
(May April 2016)
Growing Season in
Northern Hemisphere:
Photosynthesis > Respiration

23. Annual Cycling in CO2 Concentration
THE EARTH IS A LIVING PLANET – IT BREATHES
Changes in the Composition of the Atmosphere
Annual Cycling in CO2 Concentration
(May April 2016)
Non-Growing Season in
Northern Hemisphere:
Respiration > Photosynthesis

24. THE EARTH IS A LIVING PLANET – IT BREATHES
405.34
Aug 7, 2017
Changes in the Composition of the Atmosphere

25. The Earth is the way it is because of the living things on it…