1. Solutions and Solubility Curves

2. Solution
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in a single phase.
Solvent: the substance in greater amounts doing the dissolving
Solute: substance in lesser amounts being dissolved.
In the following solutions: determine which the solute is and which the solvent is.
Salt Water
Kool-Aid
A mixture of 70% Carbon and 30% Oxygen

3. Factors that Affect How quickly a solute dissolves:
Increasing the surface area
Agitating a solution
Temperature

4. What is Solubility?
Solubility: the amount of a substance that will dissolve in a given amount of water.
Solution equilibrium: the physical state in which the solute is being dissolved at the same rate as it is turning back into a crystal.

5. Solubility Curve
A graph that shows the amount of a substance that can be dissolved at a given temperature.
Unsaturated solution allows more solute to dissolve without any solute remaining un-dissolved.
Saturated solution: contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute, if more solute is added, it will remain un- dissolved.

6. Often, solubility will vary with temperature.
Looking at the graph, what happens to the solubility as the temperature rises?

7. Solubility Curves
You can determine if a solution is saturated or not based on where the amount of solute is in relation to the curve.
Below the curve: unsaturated at that temperature
Above the curve: saturated at that temperature.

8. Examples What is the mass of the solute that will dissolve in
100mL of water at the following temperatures:
NH3 at 10C
KNO3 at 50C
What is the solubility of the following solutions at
The given temperature?
KI at 20 C
NaNO3 at 60 C

9. Examples Are the following Saturated or Unsaturated?
If Unsaturated, how much more solute can dissolve
in the solution?
50 g NH4Cl at 90 C?
70 g of NaCl at 50 C?