1. The United States and Latin America
20-3

2. Linking the Oceans Why bother?
Where?
Shortest distance between oceans -> Panama
Why bother?
During the Spanish-American War it had taken the Oregon two months to reach Cuba.
It would also improve shipping in our hemisphere.
Problem – Columbia owned this land and was not interested in dealing with us!
Solution – Panamanian revolution supported by the U.S. (“gunboat diplomacy”), instant recognition of independence, and deal with Panama.

3. Construction begins in 1904
Panama Canal
TR in Panama
Construction begins in 1904

4. The Panama Canal
Biggest obstacle was the mosquito which carried Malaria and Yellow Fever.
Under Dr. William Gorgas war was declared on the mosquito. Resulting in yellow fever and malaria being nearly wiped out by 1906!

5. Three main obstacles Cutting through mountains. Damming up the river.
Adding giant locks.

6. The “Big Stick” in Latin America
Roosevelt wanted to keep Europe out of our hemisphere!
Roosevelt Corollary made sure Europe would stay out of Latin American affairs
Created United States “international police power “

7. Taft – Dollar Diplomacy
Preferred to used money from bankers and business to invest in Latin America instead of force.
Led to just as many conflicts, Nicaragua, Haiti, Honduras
Overall resentment of U.S. policy in Latin America!

8. Relations with Mexico Wilson became president in 1913.
Always supportive of DEMOCRACY!
Waited to intervene in Mexican War with high hopes for democracy.
Was forced to become involved when U.S. sailors were arrested in Veracruz and almost led to a war!
Drawn into Mexico again after Pancho Villa’s raid on Columbus.
John J. Pershing pursues but to no avail.