1. Chapter 3 System Software
Technology Now,
2nd Edition
Chapter 3
System Software

2. In this Chapter Identify System Software Compare PC Operating Systems
Define Operating Systems
Compare Mobile Operating Systems
Describe Common OS Tasks
Describe File Basics
Manage Your Computer’s
Work with Folders
Windows
Manage Files
Describe Common OS Features
Customize Microsoft Windows

3. Identify System Software (1 of 7)
System software is the software that makes it possible for you to run a computer and includes:
operating systems
utility programs

4. Identify System Software (2 of 7)

5. Identify System Software (3 of 7)
Define System Software

6. Identify System Software (4 of 7)
Identify an Operating System
Operating system (OS): most critical program that manages and coordinates all the activities in a computer
OS runs mostly in the background

7. Identify System Software (5 of 7)
Identify an Operating System

8. Identify System Software (6 of 7)
Identify an Operating System
Platform identifies the OS
Microsoft Windows 10
Software as a Service (Saas)
Update is a collection of software changes

9. Identify System Software (7 of 7)
Identify an Operating System
Utility software performs a specific, limited task
File management programs
Search utilities
Disk cleanup software
File compression programs
Security utilities

10. Define Operating Systems (1 of 11)
Operating system functions:
process data
manage memory
control hardware
provide a user interface

11. Define Operating Systems (2 of 11)
Describe the Purpose of an Operating System
The operating system (OS) is the set of programs that manages and coordinates all the activities on your computer.
Boot process series of events that begins when you turn on the computer
User interface controls how you enter and receive information

12. Define Operating Systems (3 of 11)
Describe the Purpose of an Operating System

13. Define Operating Systems (4 of 11)
Describe Processing Techniques
Processes compete for the attention of your operating system
Processing techniques to handle and prioritize requests :
Multitasking
Multithreading
Multiprocessing
Parallel processing

14. Define Operating Systems (5 of 11)
Describe How an OS Manages Memory
Random access memory (RAM)
Every program needs RAM to run
More RAM more efficient the operating system

15. Define Operating Systems (6 of 11)
Describe How an OS Manages Memory

16. Define Operating Systems (7 of 11)
Identify Types of Operating Systems
Personal computer (PC) operating system
Server OS or Network OS
Mobile OS
Embedded OS

17. Define Operating Systems (8 of 11)
Identify PC Operating Systems

18. Define Operating Systems (9 of 11)
Identify Server Operating Systems
Server OS resides on a server computer
Manage a network
Three popular server operating systems:
Windows Server
macOS Server
UNIX
Many web servers use UNIX

19. Describe Common OS Tasks (10 of 11)
An operating system controls a computer by managing its resources:
Processor
Memory
Storage space
Connected devices

20. Define Operating Systems (11 of 11)
Identify Mobile Operating Systems

21. Describe Common OS Tasks (1 of 13)
Describe the Boot Process
An operating system controls your computer by managing its resources:
Processor
RAM
Storage space
Connected devices

22. Describe Common OS Tasks (2 of 13)
Describe the Boot Process
Boot process the computer:
Receives and distributes power
Runs the bootstrap program
built into a ROM (read-only memory) chip on motherboard
Performs power-on self test (POST)
Identifies connected devices and checks settings
Loads system files into RAM (random access memory) and the kernel, or core, of the OS
Completes setup tasks, runs startup programs in the background and displays the main user interface

23. Describe Common OS Tasks (3 of 13)
Describe the Boot Process

24. Describe Common OS Tasks (4 of 13)
Track System Resources
Operating system controls a computer by managing resources
processor, RAM, storage, space, and connected devices
Tracks apps, processes, and other tasks the system is performing

25. Describe Common OS Tasks (5 of 13)

26. Describe Common OS Tasks (6 of 13)
Manage Input and Output
Input: the OS accepts and processes that data so the computer can display the text as output on the screen
Buffers: areas of memory that hold data from one device before it is transferred to another device
Spooling: placing data in a buffer so it can be retrieved later

27. Describe Common OS Tasks (7 of 13)
Manage Hardware
Device Driver: small program that tells the OS how to interact with that device
Plug and Play (PnP): OS feature to install the correct driver so you can use new hardware immediately

28. Describe Common OS Tasks (8 of 13)
Define a Graphical User Interface
Command-line interface: displays only text; use text to interact with programs

29. Describe Common OS Tasks (9 of 13)
Define a Graphical User Interface
Most operating systems use a graphical user interface (GUI) based on graphical objects representing a computer task, command, or object.
GUI components:
tiles
icons
buttons

30. Describe Common OS Tasks (10 of 13)
Define a Graphical User Interface

31. Describe Common OS Tasks (11 of 13)
Identify Typical Operating System Tasks

32. Describe Common OS Tasks (12 of 13)
Identify Typical Operating System Tasks
Start programs
Manage files
Get help
Customize the user interface
Work with hardware

33. Describe Common OS Tasks (13 of 13)
Shut Down Devices
Power interruptions
Conserve energy
Sleep options

34. Managing Your Computer’s Windows (1 of 8)
A window is a rectangular area of the screen that displays the contents of a program, file, or folder.
Manage windows by:
switching from one to another
opening and closing them
resizing them
arranging them on the desktop

35. Managing Your Computer’s Windows (2 of 8)
Define a Desktop Window

36. Managing Your Computer’s Windows (3 of 8)
Define a Desktop Window
Minimize button
Maximize button
Close button
Restore Down button

37. Managing Your Computer’s Windows (4 of 8)
Switch Windows
Active window the selected window is in the foreground
Thumbnail a miniature version of a larger image, such as a window
Use keyboard shortcuts to manipulate windows

38. Managing Your Computer’s Windows (5 of 8)
Open Windows
Use two types of windows on a desktop:
Program window displays a running program
Folder window displays the objects in a folder

39. Managing Your Computer’s Windows (6 of 8)
Arrange Windows
Arrange windows on the desktop to work effectively and to access other items on the desktop
Taskbar
Cascade windows
Stacked windows
Show windows side-by-side
Show the desktop
Use Snap to arrange windows

40. Managing Your Computer’s Windows (7 of 8)
Resize Windows

41. Managing Your Computer’s Windows (8 of 8)
Manipulate Windows

42. Describe Common OS Features (1 of 8)
Operating systems with graphical user interfaces have many features in common:
Desktop
Menus
Icons
Dialog boxes

43. Describe Common OS Features (2 of 8)

44. Describe Common OS Features (3 of 8)
Use the Desktop
Desktop
Taskbar
Notification area
Dock (macOS)

45. Describe Common OS Features (4 of 8)
Use Menus and Dialog boxes
Menu
Submenu
Dialog box
Option button (radio button)
Check box
List box (combo box)
multiple-selection list box

46. Describe Common OS Features (5 of 8)
Use Menus and Dialog boxes

47. Describe Common OS Features (6 of 8)
Use Icons and Buttons
Icon is a graphic representing a program, file, or hardware device
Double-click an icon to start a program or display the contents of what the icon represents
Button is a graphic
Buttons are grouped together on a menu bar, toolbar, taskbar, or ribbon interface
Tap or click a button to make a selection

48. Describe Common OS Features (7 of 8)
Run Disk Utilities
Disk Utilities are used to diagnose and repair problems on a hard disk:
Recycle Bin
Disk cleanup utility
Sector
Defragmentation utility
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49. Describe Common OS Features (8 of 8)
Run Disk Utilities
File utilities are used to manage computer files:
File management utility to name, delete, move, and copy files and folders
Example: File Explorer
Search tool to search for files
File compression utility to compress files or decompress or restore or unzip files to original size
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50. Compare PC Operating Systems (1 of 10)
A PC operating system is developed to run on a desktop computer.
Four popular PC operating systems:
Windows
Mac OS X
Linux
Chrome

51. Compare PC Operating Systems (2 of 10)
Windows is a PC operating system developed by Microsoft Corporation
Mac OS X is designed for Apple Macintosh computers
Linux is a PC operating system related to UNIX, available for free through the General Public License (GPL)
Chrome OS is developed by Google to work with Google web applications

52. Compare PC Operating Systems (3 of 10)

53. Compare PC Operating Systems (4 of 10)
Use Microsoft Windows
Windows are rectangular areas of the screen devoted to a single program and its tools
Graphical user interface with a Start menu, windows, and a desktop with a taskbar

54. Compare PC Operating Systems (5 of 10)
Use MacOS
MacOS designed for Apple Macintosh computers
Accepts touch and voice input
Includes a menu bar at the top of the screen
Dock at the bottom contains icons for accessing files and apps

55. Compare PC Operating Systems (6 of 10)
Use MacOS

56. Compare PC Operating Systems (7 of 10)
Use Linux
Linux is a PC operating system related to UNIX
First developed in the 1960s for large, special- purpose computers used by scientists, researchers, and system administrators
Available in versions called distributions
Includes a menu bar at the top of the screen
General Public License (GPL) makes the OS free to install and use

57. Compare PC Operating Systems (8 of 10)
Use Chrome OS
Chrome OS is a PC operating system developed by Google to work with Google web
Web app is software you access and use on the web
User interface is simple
Focusing on accessing the Internet and websites using the Chrome browser

58. Compare PC Operating Systems (9 of 10)
Use Chrome OS

59. Compare PC Operating Systems (10 of 10)
Select a PC Operating System
Ease of Use
Availability of programs or apps
Flexibility
Support
Security

60. Compare Mobile Operating Systems (1 of 6)
Mobile operating system developed to run on a tablet, smartphone, or other mobile device
Tablet is a handheld mobile computer that includes a touch screen
Smartphone is a cell phone that includes many features of a computer, allowing it to run general- purpose computing applications

61. Compare Mobile Operating Systems (2 of 6)

62. Compare Mobile Operating Systems (3 of 6)
Use Android
Android developed by Google
Based on Linux-open-source software with a permissive license
Runs on many smartphones and tablets
Download apps from the Google Play Store

63. Compare Mobile Operating Systems (4 of 6)
Use iOS
iOS developed by Apple
Derived from Mac OS X
Runs only on Apple mobile devices
Download apps from Apple App Store

64. Compare Mobile Operating Systems (5 of 6)
Use Windows Phone
Windows Phone developed by Microsoft
Touch interface similar to Windows 10
Displays tiles, links to apps, tools, webpages and contacts
live tiles change depending on the status or changes to the app
Shares content in locations called hubs
Download apps from Windows Phone Store

65. Compare Mobile Operating Systems (6 of 6)
Select a Mobile Operating System
Ease of use
Performance
Flexibility
Range of devices
Number of apps

66. Define File Basics (1 of 12)
Define Files
A file provides a compact way to store data
Two main categories of files:
Executable files
Data files

67. Define File Basics (2 of 12)
Define Files

68. Define File Basics (3 of 12)
Name Files
Every file on a computer has a name
Names should follow filenaming conventions
Most filenames include an extension, or a short identifier separated from the main part of the filename by a dot

69. Define File Basics (4 of 12)
Store Files
To open or save a file, you must know the file’s location or storage device
Each storage device has a directory
Root directory is the main directory with lists
Each list is called a subdirectory or folder
To indicate a file’s location use a file specification, or path
C > This PC > Documents > Screenplay Scene 1.docx

70. Define File Basics (5 of 12)
Review File Properties
Every file has file properties such as:
name
type
location
size
date created
date last modified
date last accessed

71. Define File Basics (6 of 12)
Review File Properties
File size measurements:
kilobytes (KB) (thousands of bytes)
megabytes (MB) (millions of bytes)
gigabytes (GB) (billions of bytes)
Read-only file cannot be modified or deleted

72. Define File Basics (7 of 12)
File format refers to the organization and layout of date in the file.
Text files have a file format different from those of graphics files
Native format is the format created in that application

73. Define File Basics (8 of 12)
Select, Copy, and Move Files

74. Define File Basics (9 of 12)
Select, Copy, and Move Files
Clipboard a temporary holding area for files and information
Source folder where you copy or move from
Destination folder where you copy or move to

75. Define File Basics (10 of 12)
Select, Copy, and Move Files

76. Define File Basics (11 of 12)
Compress and Uncompress Files
Compress one or more files so they use less space when stored on a disk
Before you can open and edit a compressed file, you must uncompress it, or extract it
A compressed file usually has a .zip extension called an archive

77. Define File Basics (12 of 12)
Backup Files
Backups are copies of files that you store in case the original files are damaged
Backup software can monitor the files on your hard disk
To protect data, frequently back up all the folders containing data files using a backup utility provided by your operating system or a software vendor

78. Work with Folders (1 of 5) You store files in folders and subfolders
Use descriptive names
Save your files on your hard drive, flash drive, or to the cloud so you can easily access them later
Know how to navigate your computer so you can find and open files you've saved

79. Work with Folders (2 of 5)

80. Work with Folders (3 of 5) Define Folders
Windows default data file folders: Documents, Music, Pictures, and Videos
File Explorer is the Windows file manager
Quick access list are the folders you use frequently

81. Work with Folders (4 of 5) Navigate Folders Create and Name Folders
Expand and Collapse Folders
Move, Copy, and Delete Folders

82. Work with Folders (5 of 5)

83. Manage Files (1 of 2)
Save your files on your hard drive, flash drive, or to the cloud so you can easily access them later
You should know how to navigate your computer so you can find and open files you've saved

84. Manage Files (2 of 2)
Save As dialog box

85. File Management Common File Management Tasks:
Use Save command and Save As command
Save a file to a Location on your hard drive
Save a file to a flash drive using the USB port
Save a file to OneDrive
cloud storage
Need a Microsoft account
Save a file to another cloud storage site
Examples: Dropbox or iCloud
Open a saved file

86. Customize Microsoft Windows (1 of 8)
Default settings are set by the operating system sets during installation
Customize Windows to suit taste and computing habits
Be familiar with changing display settings, hardware settings, and adding and changing user accounts

87. Customize Microsoft Windows (2 of 8)
Customize Windows

88. Customize Microsoft Windows (3 of 8)
Common customization options:
Customize Desktop Objects
Shortcut icons
Use the Settings and Control Panel Windows
Control Panel and Settings app
Lock screen
Properties of an object

89. Customize Microsoft Windows (4 of 8)
Common customization options (Continued):
Customize Display Settings
Desktop theme
Screen resolution
Native resolution
Customize Screen Savers and Sounds
Screen saver
Sound scheme

90. Customize Microsoft Windows (5 of 8)
Customize the Taskbar
Pinned items
Pinned item: icon that always appears on the taskbar
Window buttons
Notification area
Action Center panel that keeps track of notifications

91. Customize Microsoft Windows (6 of 8)
Customize the Keyboard and Pointing Device

92. Customize Microsoft Windows (7 of 8)
Set Up User Accounts
User accounts protect your computer against unauthorized access
Includes information such as a user name, or user ID, and a password
Two types of Windows 10 user accounts:
Microsoft account
Local-only user account

93. Customize Microsoft Windows (8 of 8)
Set Up User Accounts
If you run Windows 10 on more than one PC, you can also synchronize, or sync settings, preferences, and some apps, so that all your PCs are set up the same way
Administrator account: full access to the computer to add other user accounts
Standard accounts can access the files and folders in your account, but not the files and folders of other users